Tecniche di monitoraggio fitosanitario e utilizzo di dati georeferenziati

The use of techniques for monitoring forest pest insects has been lately developed and widened also thanks to the availability of new survey technologies and georeferentiated data. The present review reports the direct and indirect population monitoring methods, techniques for the forecast and localization of infestations and their spatial-temporal distribution especially regarding the following species: Matsucoccus feytaudi Ducasse (Rhynchota Margarodidae), the Lepidoptera Zeiraphera diniana Guenée (Tortricidae), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus) (Lymantriidae), Thaumetopoea processionea (Linnaeus) and Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller (Thaumetopoeidae), Epirrita autumnata (Borkhausen) and Operophtera brumata (Linnaeus) (Geometridae), the Coleoptera Scolytidae Ips typographus (Linnaeus), Ips amitinus Eichhoff, Ips duplicatus Sahlberg, Pityogenes chalcographus Linnaeus, Tomicus destruens (Wollaston), Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann and Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins. A list of regional monitoring networks is also supplied together with a suggestion of carring out a single Italian forest phytosanitary network.