A simple apparatus for measurement and imaging of objects using scattered X-rays was designed and constructed. This is composed of a well-collimated photon beam from an X-ray tube, a CZT thermoelectrically cooled semiconductor detector and an (x, y, θ) translation-rotation table containing the object to be studied. First, the output beam was monochromatized; studies on Compton and Rayleigh scattered radiation were then carried out, including the Compton profile. Then direct bremsstrahlung radiation of proper energy was employed, and energy intervals are selected where Rayleigh or Compton effects largely prevail. Compton images were finally obtained.