BACKGROUND: Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia (ARH) is caused by mutations in a putative adaptor protein called ARH. This recessive disorder, characterised by severe hypercholesterolaemia, xanthomatosis, and premature coronary artery disease, is rare except on the island of Sardinia, Italy. Our aim was to ascertain why ARH is more common on Sardinia than elsewhere. METHODS: We obtained detailed medical histories, did physical examinations, measured concentrations of lipoproteins, and harvested genomic DNA from 28 Sardinians with ARH from 17 unrelated families. We sequenced the coding regions and consensus splice sites of ARH in probands from these families, and from 40 individuals of non-Sardinian origin who had an autosomal recessive form of hypercholesterolaemia of unknown cause. FINDINGS: Two ARH mutations, a frameshift mutation (c432insA) in exon 4 (ARH1) and a nonsense mutation (c65G-->A) in exon 1 (ARH2), were present in all of the 17 unrelated families with ARH. Three of the ARH alleles contained both mutations, as a result of an ancient recombination between ARH1 and ARH2. No regional clustering of the three mutant alleles within Sardinia was apparent. Furthermore, four Italians from the mainland with autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia were homozygous for ARH1. INTERPRETATION: The small number, high frequency, and dispersed distribution of ARH mutations on Sardinia are consistent with these mutations being ancient and maintained in the Sardinian population because of geographic isolation

Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia in Sardinia, Italy, and mutations in ARH: a clinical and molecular genetic analysis / Arca, M; Zuliani, G; Wilund, K; Campagna, F; Fellin, R; Bertolini, S; Calandra, S; Ricci, G; Glorioso, Nicola Filippo; Maioli, M; Pintus, P; Carru, Ciriaco; Cossu, F; Cohen, J; Hobbs, H. H.. - In: THE LANCET. - ISSN 0140-6736. - 359:(2002), pp. 841-847.

Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia in Sardinia, Italy, and mutations in ARH: a clinical and molecular genetic analysis

GLORIOSO, Nicola Filippo;CARRU, Ciriaco;
2002-01-01

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia (ARH) is caused by mutations in a putative adaptor protein called ARH. This recessive disorder, characterised by severe hypercholesterolaemia, xanthomatosis, and premature coronary artery disease, is rare except on the island of Sardinia, Italy. Our aim was to ascertain why ARH is more common on Sardinia than elsewhere. METHODS: We obtained detailed medical histories, did physical examinations, measured concentrations of lipoproteins, and harvested genomic DNA from 28 Sardinians with ARH from 17 unrelated families. We sequenced the coding regions and consensus splice sites of ARH in probands from these families, and from 40 individuals of non-Sardinian origin who had an autosomal recessive form of hypercholesterolaemia of unknown cause. FINDINGS: Two ARH mutations, a frameshift mutation (c432insA) in exon 4 (ARH1) and a nonsense mutation (c65G-->A) in exon 1 (ARH2), were present in all of the 17 unrelated families with ARH. Three of the ARH alleles contained both mutations, as a result of an ancient recombination between ARH1 and ARH2. No regional clustering of the three mutant alleles within Sardinia was apparent. Furthermore, four Italians from the mainland with autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia were homozygous for ARH1. INTERPRETATION: The small number, high frequency, and dispersed distribution of ARH mutations on Sardinia are consistent with these mutations being ancient and maintained in the Sardinian population because of geographic isolation
2002
Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolaemia in Sardinia, Italy, and mutations in ARH: a clinical and molecular genetic analysis / Arca, M; Zuliani, G; Wilund, K; Campagna, F; Fellin, R; Bertolini, S; Calandra, S; Ricci, G; Glorioso, Nicola Filippo; Maioli, M; Pintus, P; Carru, Ciriaco; Cossu, F; Cohen, J; Hobbs, H. H.. - In: THE LANCET. - ISSN 0140-6736. - 359:(2002), pp. 841-847.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11388/60826
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