Although the issue is receiving an increasing amount of public attention, the international uniform law of air carriage (the Warsaw and Montreal Conventions) does not explicitly guarantee the right to transportation for people with reduced mobility. Airlines can therefore refuse to carry such passengers without violating these conventions. Recently, some US airlines have changed their policies and now require obese passengers to purchase a second seat. In Canada, however, the «one person, one fare» rule guarantees a free second seat for those who cannot lower their armrests, as obesity is considered a disability there. Regulation (EC) n. 1107/2006 protects the rights of passengers with disabilities or reduced mobility. Regulation (EC) n. 261/2004 sets out rules regarding assistance and compensation in the event of service irregularities. However, the practical application of this regulation can be problematic, particularly with regard to paid services. The regulation requires companies to make every effort to allocate adjacent seats to passengers and their companions. In Italy, the National Civil Aviation Authority (ENAC) has ruled that such allocations must be free of charge for children and people with disabilities. Companies have challenged this rule, but it has been confirmed as legitimate by the Council of State. This text discusses the carrier’s liability for damage caused by airport handling agents. Italian and Scottish case law has established that independent contractors can also be considered agents of the carrier, thereby making the carrier liable. Unlike in maritime transport, there is no equivalent rule in air transport guaranteeing full reimbursement for damage to mobility equipment (Regulation (EC) n. 392/2009). There is ongoing debate as to whether these devices can be considered baggage under the terms of the Montreal Convention. The UK Supreme Court has ruled out compensation for psychological damage in cases of inadequate assistance based on the exclusivity principle of the Montreal Convention. The doctrine of exclusivity of action is generally not accepted by scholars, and it was rejected by the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Nonostante la crescente attenzione dell’opinione pubblica verso la pro-blematica, la normativa internazionale del trasporto aereo (convenzioni di Var-savia e Montreal) non garantisce esplicitamente il diritto al trasporto delle per-sone con mobilità ridotta. Le compagnie possono negare il trasporto senza in-correre in alcuna violazione. Alcune compagnie aeree statunitensi hanno modificato le loro politiche e richiedono ai passeggeri obesi di acquistare un secondo posto a sedere. Al con-trario, in Canada, la norma «one person, one fare» (una persona, una tariffa) garanti-sce un secondo posto a sedere gratuito a coloro che non possono abbassare i braccioli, considerando l’obesità come una disabilità. Il reg. Ce n. 1107/2006 tutela i diritti dei passeggeri con disabilità o a mobilità ridotta. Il reg. Ce n. 261/2004 contiene anche previsioni in materia di assistenza e compensazione in caso di irregolarità del servizio. Tuttavia, la sua applicazione pratica può essere problematica. Il regolamento obbliga le compagnie a fare tutto il possibile per assegnare posti contigui ai passeggeri e ai loro accompagnatori. In Italia, l’Ente Nazionale per l’Aviazione Civile (ENAC) ha stabilito che tale assegnazione de-ve essere gratuita per i bambini e le persone con disabilità. Le compagnie hanno contestato la norma, ma il Consiglio di Stato ha confermato la legittimità della disposizione. Viene anche analizzata la responsabilità del vettore per i danni causati dagli operatori di assistenza aeroportuale con riferimento alle categorie di pas-seggeri in considerazione. Va premesso che per la giurisprudenza italiana, come per quella scozzese, anche i contraenti indipendenti vanno considerati agenti del vettore aereo, creando i presupposti per una sua responsabilità. Nel trasporto aereo non esiste una norma equivalente a quella in campo marittimo (Reg. Ce n. 392/2009) che garantisca il rimborso integrale per i danni ai dispositivi di ausilio alla mobilità. È oggetto di dibattito se tali dispositivi possano essere considerati come bagaglio ai sensi della convenzione di Montreal. La Corte Suprema del Regno Unito ha escluso il risarcimento per danni psicologici in caso di assisten-za inadeguata, basandosi sul principio di esclusività della convenzione di Mon-treal. La decisione è stata criticata dalla dottrina. In generale, la dottrina dell’esclusività dell’azione non è accettata pacificamente dagli autori ed è stata respinta a suo tempo dalla giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia dell’Unione europea. A pesar de una creciente sensibilización, la normativa internacional
TARIFAS AÉREAS Y PASAJEROS CON NECESIDADES ESPECIALES / Comenale Pinto, Michele Maria. - In: RIVISTA DEL DIRITTO DELLA NAVIGAZIONE. - ISSN 0035-5895. - 2025:2(2025), pp. 333-351. [10.57574/596564691]
TARIFAS AÉREAS Y PASAJEROS CON NECESIDADES ESPECIALES
COMENALE PINTO MICHELE MARIA
2025-01-01
Abstract
Although the issue is receiving an increasing amount of public attention, the international uniform law of air carriage (the Warsaw and Montreal Conventions) does not explicitly guarantee the right to transportation for people with reduced mobility. Airlines can therefore refuse to carry such passengers without violating these conventions. Recently, some US airlines have changed their policies and now require obese passengers to purchase a second seat. In Canada, however, the «one person, one fare» rule guarantees a free second seat for those who cannot lower their armrests, as obesity is considered a disability there. Regulation (EC) n. 1107/2006 protects the rights of passengers with disabilities or reduced mobility. Regulation (EC) n. 261/2004 sets out rules regarding assistance and compensation in the event of service irregularities. However, the practical application of this regulation can be problematic, particularly with regard to paid services. The regulation requires companies to make every effort to allocate adjacent seats to passengers and their companions. In Italy, the National Civil Aviation Authority (ENAC) has ruled that such allocations must be free of charge for children and people with disabilities. Companies have challenged this rule, but it has been confirmed as legitimate by the Council of State. This text discusses the carrier’s liability for damage caused by airport handling agents. Italian and Scottish case law has established that independent contractors can also be considered agents of the carrier, thereby making the carrier liable. Unlike in maritime transport, there is no equivalent rule in air transport guaranteeing full reimbursement for damage to mobility equipment (Regulation (EC) n. 392/2009). There is ongoing debate as to whether these devices can be considered baggage under the terms of the Montreal Convention. The UK Supreme Court has ruled out compensation for psychological damage in cases of inadequate assistance based on the exclusivity principle of the Montreal Convention. The doctrine of exclusivity of action is generally not accepted by scholars, and it was rejected by the Court of Justice of the European Union.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


