Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Sgro, A; Blanco-Colino, R; Ahmed, Wur; Brindl, N; Gujjuri, Rr; Lapolla, P; Mills, Ec; Perez-Ajates, S; Soares, As; Varghese, C; Xu, W; Mclean, Ka; Chapman, Sj; Espin-Basany, E; Glasbey, Jc; Mihaljevic, A; Nepogodiev, D; Pata, F; Pellino, G; Pockney, P; Dudi-Venkata, Nn; Egoroff, N; Ludbrook, I; Raubenheimer, K; Richards, T; Delibegovic, S; Salibasic, M; Amjad, T; Dorr-Harim, C; Gedeon, N; Gsenger, J; Tachezy, M; Bini, S; Gallo, G; Gori, A; Picciariello, A; Podda, M; Riboni, C; Machatschek, Mj; Nguyen, A; Jakubauskas, M; Kryzauskas, M; Poskus, T; Kuiper, Sz; Wang, J; Wells, Ci; Bissett, Ip; Augestad, Km; Steinholt, I; Vieira, Bn; Juloski, J; Bautista, Oa; El Kasmy, Ye; Martin-Borregon, P; Revilla, Mo; Van Straten, S; Aktas, Mk; Baki, Be; Akhbari, M; Baker, D; Bhatia, S; Brown, S; Cambridge, W; Kamarajah, Sk; Khaw, Ra; Kouli, O; Murray, V; Trout, I; Yasin, I; Wong, Jy; Reyhani, H; Wong, Khf; Pancharatnam, R; Chia, Wl; Walmsley, A; Hassane, A; Saeed, D; Wang, B; Walters, B; Nowinka, Z; Alsaif, A; Mirza, M; Foster, K; Luu, J; Kakodkar, P; Hughes, Jt; Yogarajah, T; Antypas, A; Rahman, A; Bradbury, M; Mclarnon, M; Nagi, S; Riad, Am; Erotocritou, M; Kyriacou, H; Kaminskaite, V; Alfadhel, S; Hussain, Qf; Handa, A; Dimov, R; Mughal, H; Slavchev, M; Ivanov, T; Gouvas, N; Hegazi, A; Kocian, P; Kjaer, Md; Mark-Christensen, A; Papakonstantinou, D; Machairas, N; Triantafyllou, T; Garoufalia, Z; Korkolis, D; Castaldi, A; Giaccari, S; Spolverato, G; Pagano, G; Milone, M; Turri, G; Colombo, F; Cucinotta, E; Poillucci, G; Perra, T; Tutino, R; Belia, F; Coletta, D; Belli, A; Rega, D; Cianci, P; Pirozzolo, G; Di Lena, M; Perrone, F; Giani, A; Lovisetto, F; Grassia, M; Federico, Nsp; Ferrara, F; Biancafarina, A; Tamini, N; Sinibaldi, G; Tuminello, F; Galleano, R; Sasia, D; Bragaglia, L; Garberini, Ad; Pesce, A; Cassaro, F; Venturelli, P; Canu, Gl; Esposito, G; Campanelli, M; Cardia, R; Ricciardiello, M; Sagnotta, A; Canonico, G; De Marco, G; Cappiello, A; Pinotti, E; Carlei, F; Lisi, G; Bagaglini, G; Farrugia, M; van Praag, Emm; Monteiro, C; Pereira, M; Botelho, P; Quigley, A; O'Neill, A; Gaule, L; Crone, L; Arnold, A; Grama, F; Beuca, A; Tulina, I; Litvin, A; Panyko, A; Ossola, Me; Diaz, Jt; Santos, Jmm; Batanero, Ea; de Las Casas, Sg; Verdeguer, Cs; Colas-Ruiz, E; El-Abur, It; Dominguez, Mg; Delorme, M; Sauvain, M; Ozmen, Bb; Ozkan, Bb; Calikoglu, F; Kural, S; Zafer, F; Kaya, Y; Yalcinkaya, A; Kargici, K; Tepe, Md; Tatar, Oc; Kabadayi, E; Hurmuzlu, D; Korkmaz, K; Sharma, P; Troller, R; Hagan, N; Mooney, J; Light, A; Tansey, M; Bhojwani, D; Mcging, Rm; Mallon, A; Fadel, M; Spilsbury, C; James, R; O'Brien, S; Isaac, A; Balasubramanya, S; Sadik, H; Gala, T; Chen, Jy; Turner, B; Goh, E; Hassan, K; Karam, M; Mason, P; Tzoumas, N; Noton, T; Seehra, Jk; Ahmed, N; Motiwale, R; Tanna, V; Argyriou, A; Bylapudi, Sk; Grace, N; Latif, S; Hounat, A; Kiam, Js; Zaidi, M; Elsamani, K; Hughes, C; Suresh, A; Sinan, Loh; El-Dalil, D; Khoo, Ejm; Salim, Ee; Stark, D; Minhas, N; Fowler, G; Rees, E; Giudiceandrea, I; Bardon, A; Jayawardena, P; Dieseru, N; Murphy, A; Yates, C; Ziolkowska, K; Rafie, A; Khoda, F; Okocha, M; Ashdown, T; Vitish-Sharma, P; Gilliland, J; Toh, S; Jones, K; Devine, A; Berry, A; Mcdonnell, S; Olivier, J; Richardson, G; Lim, Hj; Slim, N; Elsayeh, K; Sammour, T; Sarpanov, A; Belev, N; Dimitrov, D; Dusek, T; Ntomi, V; Sotiropoulos, Gc; Theodorou, D; Nikiteas, N; Balalis, D; Antropoli, C; Altomare, Df; Luglio, G; De Palma, Gd; Pedrazzani, C; Simonelli, L; Brozzetti, S; Porcu, A; Massani, M; Grazi, Gl; Izzo, F; Delrio, P; Restini, E; Chetta, G; Lantone, G; Ferrari, G; Lucchi, A; De Prizio, M; Caristo, G; Borghi, F; Petrucciani, N; Huscher, C; Cocorullo, G; Tonini, V; Medas, F; Sica, G; Cillara, N; Anastasi, A; Bianco, F; Giuliani, A; Carlini, M; Selvaggi, F; Sammarco, G; Malasonoks, A; Andrejevic, P; Tanis, P; van de Ven, A; Gerhards, M; da Silva, Br; Silva, A; Lima, Mj; Kavanagh, D; Mccawley, N; Bintintan, V; Karamarkovic, A; Ortega, Gs; De Andres-Asenjo, B; Garcia, Cn; Florez, Ljg; Segura-Sampedro, Jj; Laina, Jlb; Ponchietti, L; Buchwald, P; Gialamas, E; Ozben, V; Rencuzogullari, A; Altinel, Y; Isik, O; Yoldas, T; Isik, A; Erturk, Ms; Guner, A; Guler, Sa; Attaallah, W; Marzook, H; Eardley, N; Smolarek, S; Morgan, R; Roxburgh, C; Lala, Ak; Salama, Y; Singh, B; Khanna, A; Evans, M; Shaikh, I; Thippeswamy, Km; Appleton, B; Moug, S; Smith, I; Smart, N; Shah, P; Williams, G; Khera, G; Goede, A; Varcada, M; Parmar, C; Duff, S; Hargest, R; Marriott, P; Speake, D; Ben Sassi, A; Furfaro, B; Daudu, D; Golijanin, N; Yek, Wy; Capasso, G; Mansour, Lt; Niu, N; Seow, W; Hamidovic, A; Kulovic, E; Letic, E; Helez, M; Banji-Kelan, A; Dimitrova, N; Kavradjieva, P; Ivanov, V; Jukaku, A; Hadzhiev, D; Gabarski, A; Karamanliev, M; Vladova, P; Iliev, S; Yotsov, T; Vetsa, K; Stavrinidou, O; Papatheodorou, P; Liassides, T; Georgiou, T; Al Nassrallah, M; Altaf, R; Negametzyanov, M; Zagibova, D; Foltys, F; Stefanova, H; Paspala, A; Bompetsi, G; Sidiropoulos, T; Stamopoulos, P; Triantafyllou, A; Theodoropoulos, C; Kimpizi, A; Palyvou, T; Charalabopoulos, A; Syllaios, A; Schizas, D; Liatsou, E; Baili, E; Vagios, I; Tomara, N; Davakis, S; Palumbo, A; Foroni, F; Dibra, R; Papagni, V; Urbani, A; Rossin, E; Nezi, G; Romano, P; Amendola, A; Esposito, E; Manigrasso, M; Anoldo, P; Vertaldi, S; Gecchele, G; Sabrina, Zs; Guerci, C; Cammarata, F; Lamperti, Gmb; Zaffaroni, G; Benuzzi, L; Ferrario, L; Cigognini, M; Mazzeo, C; Badessi, G; Pintabona, G; Fassari, A; Mingoli, A; Cirillo, B; D'Alterio, C; Brachini, G; Tancredi, M; Zambon, M; Aulicino, M; Sapienza, P; Liberatore, P; Scanu, Am; Feo, Cf; Iacomino, A; Pelizzo, P; Rossi, S; Vigna, Sa; Grossi, U; Grillo, V; Agnes, A; Schena, Ca; Marincola, G; Oddi, A; Perotti, B; Mario, V; Perri, P; Zazza, S; Aversano, A; Scala, D; Di Lauro, K; Leongito, M; Piccirillo, M; Patrone, R; Capuzzolo, S; Vignotto, C; Bao, Qr; Giuseppe, C; Angarano, E; Marino, F; Pezzolla, F; Gigante, G; Magistro, C; Crippa, J; Maspero, M; Carnevali, P; Trapani, R; Zonta, S; Agostinelli, L; Vittori, L; Romeo, L; Doria, E; Farnesi, F; Danna, R; Andolfi, E; Pellicano', Ga; Angelini, M; Scricciolo, M; Zanframundo, C; Ciulli, C; Ripamonti, L; Cigagna, L; Oldani, M; Larcinese, A; Rossi, D; Picone, E; Crescentini, G; Marano, A; Migliore, M; Giuffrida, Mc; Palagi, S; Testa, V; Borrello, A; Lucarini, A; Garofalo, E; Canali, G; Orlandi, P; Nervegna, F; Marchegiani, F; Damoli, I; Licata, A; Trovato, C; Alicata, F; Sardo, F; Milazzo, M; Randisi, B; Dominici, Dm; Sartarelli, L; Zanni, M; Pisanu, A; Soddu, C; Delogu, D; Erdas, E; Campus, F; Cappellacci, F; Casti, F; Marcialis, J; Atzeni, J; Podda, Mg; Sensi, B; Franceschilli, M; Bellato, V; Cannavera, A; Putzu, G; di Mola, F; Picardi, B; Solinas, L; Loponte, M; del Monte, Sr; Di Martino, C; Linari, C; Spagni, G; Capezzuoli, L; Tirloni, L; Nelli, T; Caridi, A; Elter, C; Camassa, M; D'Amico, S; Bargellini, T; Incollingo, P; Montuori, M; Maffione, F; Romano, L; Valiyeva, S; Spoletini, D; Tasselli, Fm; Sciaudone, G; Selvaggi, L; Menna, Mp; De Paola, G; Fulginiti, S; Truskovs, A; Weiss, C; Rauscher, Jtr; Larnovskis, J; Jeyarajan-Davidsson, M; Nitisa, D; Gille, N; Reiser, Sc; Roshan, Mhk; Leseman, C; Chen, J; Top, C; Detering, R; Matos, C; Silva, C; Pinto, D; Mendes, J; Couto, J; Leite, M; Velez, C; Cotovio, Md; Cinza, Am; de Lima, Rp; Boyle, E; Yang, Hw; Banerjee, I; Rahmat, S; Afzal, Z; Reid, C; Dumitrascu, F; Croyle, Ja; Gressmann, K; Cullen, N; Graham, A; Nasehi, A; King, Cm; Martin, B; Stokell, C; Sanderson, N; Farnan, R; Jassim, S; Chan, B; Long, Kcv; Kaka, N; Pandey, S; Neo, Wx; Chitul, A; Bezede, C; Cincilei, D; David, A; Blaga, M; Blaga, Sn; Fagarasan, V; Khetagurova, M; Rodimov, S; Kapustina, A; Mekhralyzade, A; Zabiyaka, M; Cuk, V; Hajska, M; Dubovsky, M; Hrosova, M; Ferancikova, N; Rodriguez, Ec; Alcantara, Fl; Adarraga, J; Jezieniecki, C; Soriano, Mr; Sanz, Tg; Suarez, A; Garcia, Cs; Canales, Ic; Perez, Jl; Merayo, M; Urbieta, A; Simon, Ag; Tone, Jf; Martinez, Jg; Bravo, Mv; Chavarrias, N; Catalan, Ag; Oseira, A; Villalonga, B; Jeri, S; Calvo, Jp; Nogues, A; Cros, B; Yanez, C; Fornals, Au; Golet, Mr; Colsa, P; Maurel, Tg; Axmarker, T; Chevallay, M; Pham, Tv; Sel, Ek; Atar, C; Aba, M; Sarkin, M; Akkaya, Ym; Durmaz, Ag; Gullu, Hf; Bakar, B; Demirel, Mt; Hysejni, X; Taser, M; Guzel, Or; Bozbiyik, O; Ozen, D; Olmez, M; Uyar, B; Gulcek, E; Kayacan, Gs; Gul, Of; Altiner, S; Ibis, B; Altunsu, S; Banaz, T; Diler, C; Demirbas, I; Usta, Ma; Erkul, O; Orman, R; Salih, S; Utkan, Nz; Acil, C; Ozgur, E; Maddahali, M; Turhan, Ab; Eskici, Ab; Ular, B; Arslan, Er; Sharif, Ap; Dikmen, E; Ates, J; Bircan, R; Cavus, T; Sever, Ae; Balak, B; Duman, E; Altay, L; Emanet, O; Cullen, F; Tan, Jy; Nathan, A; Rottenberg, A; Williams, Cy; Mitrofan, Cg; Xu, D; Bawa, Jh; Morris, P; Gordon, D; Richmond, G; Hui, Jc; Ighomereho, O; Rocks, R; Mccabe, S; Fitzpatrick, A; Nicoletti, J; Auterson, L; Darrah, N; Soh, Vwy; Ong, Cs; Utukuri, M; Gallagher, C; Stuart, Lm; Hipolito, M; Douglas, N; Ghazal, R; Parris, G; Catchpole, J; Bryden, M; Jamal, S; Karim, Z; Lyon-Dean, C; Rowley, G; Lee, Ks; Whitehurst, O; Mirza, A; Sheikh, F; Yousaf, H; Bilbao, J; Sinclair, R; Takar, S; Kressel, H; Chan, V; Schack, K; Osborne, R; Baldemor, S; Smyth, S; Gilmour, S; Ting, A; Bozonelou, I; Saunders, P; Anwar, Qaq; Tirimanna, R; Jauhari, S; Gardener, A; Walker, B; Wenban, C; Reddy, H; Conway-Jones, R; Loganathan, S; Clynch, A; James, C; Matey, E; Cameron, F; Roberts, W; Gicquel, A; Milliken, C; Forbes, J; Rubinchik, P; Azmi, A; Hawkes, C; Cornett, L; Adarkwah, P; Mcconville, R; Tijare, C; Parkes, J; Yao, L; Ahmad, R; Shafiq, U; Mhaisalkar, A; Gurung, A; de Stadler, K; Elias, S; Thomas, T; Madras, A; Jani, A; Daler, Hk; Tong, Ks; Sundaralingam, Ss; Szal, A; Khan, A; Baker, E; Joseph-Gubral, J; Hadley, E; Trivedi, R; Igwelaezoh, E; Barton, H; Allison, W; Hurst, W; Alam, F; Parkes, I; Jamshaid, M; Azizan, N; Burgher, T; Afzal, A; Eltilib, I; Zahid, M; Sadiq, O; Lloyd, A; Ho, R; Brazukas, A; Li C, H; Kamdar, M; Nazeer, Mnm; Mighiu, A; Kim, D; Wilkins, L; Kuo, L; Rafe, T; Maduka, D; Cheema, H; Farag, K; Abdellatif, M; Nzewi, R; Kruczynska, A; Grasselli, H; Yousuff, M; Bassi, R; Mann, Ak; Chopra, J; Shaikh, M; Sd, Sa; Tsimplis, V; Ghanchi, A; Skene, E; Asim, K; Zaheer, M; Chan, S; Dalton, H; Gibbons, K; Adderley, O; Chukwujindu, I; Jayasuriya, I; Sivanu, K; Borumand, M; Chick, G; Bridges, I; Tomlin, J; Mckenna, J; Nandra, N; Grieco, C; Quek, Ff; Mercer, R; Brankin-Frisby, T; Sattar, A; Aslam, A; Edelsten, E; Shafi, S; Kouli, T; Ford, V; Gurung, F; Fernandes, M; Deader, N; Ponniah, R; Jamieson, S; Davies, A; Taubwurcel, J; Aung, Mt; Desai, R; Begum, S; Jamadar, T; Kangatharan, A; Rzeszowski, B; Ho, C; Yap, Shk; Prendergast, M; Sethi, R; Duku, A; Lowe, C; Bray, J; Ghobrial, M; Nichita, V; Wagstaff, A; Rengasamy, E; Abu Hassan, F; Mahmood, H; Savill, N; Shah, S; Almeida, T; Edwards, A; Catchpole, B; Halford, Z; Carmichael, A; Alsusa, H; Boyd, M; Williams, J; Feyi-Waboso, J; Patel, M; Zeidan, Z; Bailey, E; Bapty, J; Brazkiewicz, M; Tremlett, A; Pringle, H; Mankal, S; Chung, W; Parry-Jones, E; Anderson, K; Mcforrester, A; Stanley, A; Hoather, A; Wise, H; Laid, I; Scriven, J; Braniste, A; Wilson, A; Le Blevec, L; Pakunwanich, N; Evans, N; Chong, Hl; White, C; Hunter, J; Haque, M; Vanalia, P; Murdoch, S; Choudhary, T; Mccann, A; Harun, A; Shah, H; Hunt, S; Shafiq, Y; Bickley-Morris, E; Emms, L; Dare, M; Akula, Y; Deliyannis, E; Mayes, F; Ellacott, M; Zagorac, Z; Farren, A; Manning, C; Hughed, C; Stewart, Eg; Lim, Kh; Chohan, N; Thaker, A; Thompson, B; Ahari, D; Burdekin, E; Okwu, U; Akintunde, A; Lhaf, F; Douthwaite, J; Govindan, R; Leelamanthep, S; Gull, E; Wright, F; Dundas, L; Mackdermott, N; Burchi-Khairy, T; Campbell, I; Walsh, J; Yeo, Jy; Meehan, S; Banerjee, D; Fu, M; Kawka, M; Ali, T; Hussain, Z; Thomas, C; Ahmad, H; Moroney, J; Yick, C; Risquet, R; Ntuiabane, D; Shimato, M; Khan, M; Ilangovan, S; Vaselli, Nm; Smithers, R; Marage, Ru; Valnarov-Boulter, A; Kayran, J; Banerjee, M; Parekh-Hill, N; Hooper, A; Bowen, J; Jagdish, R; Mcquoid, C; Khan, N; Hare, Ro; Jeffery, S; Zahid, A; Elsworth, C; Walter, L; Dhillon, S; Rao, S; Anthony, A; Ashaye, A; Phillips, N; Faderani, R; Pengelly, S; Choi, S; Kwak, Sy; Lau, Yhl; Bagheri, K; Ong, Dyc; Kerr, E; Falconer, K; Clancy, N; Douglas, S; Zhang, Y; Greenfield, F; Mutanga, I; Mcalinden, J; Willis, L; Adefolaju, A; Agarwal, H; Barter, R; Harris, G; Spencer, G; Lee, Mw; Vadiveloo, Tv; Herbert, G; Patel, R; Shah, M; El Falaha, S; Wong, C; Soare, C; Akram, J; Bozhkova, L; Ma, Y; Ug, Vo; Tan, Hwn; Leto, L; Kamal, Ma; Hadzhieva, E; Krastev, P; Tonchev, P; Kokkinos, G; Pozotou, I; Sabbagh, D; Votava, J; F, St; Koliakos, N; Tsaparas, P; Zografos, G; Mantas, D; Tsourouflis, G; Fradelos, E; Trigiante, G; Labellarte, G; Resta, G; Capelli, G; Verlingieri, V; Campagnaro, T; Maffioli, A; Viscosi, F; De Lucia, C; Meneghini, S; Fancellu, A; Colella, M; Biondi, A; De Peppo, V; Pace, U; Albino, V; Gattulli, D; Piangerelli, A; Kalivaci, D; Sisto, G; Mazzola, M; Caneparo, A; Lunghi, Eg; Nespoli, Lc; Angrisani, M; Langone, A; Gelarda, E; Virgilio, E; Angelini, E; Fornasier, C; Asero, S; Filippone, E; Frongia, F; Calo, Pg; Panaccio, P; Ipponi, P; Gili, S; Braccio, B; Tiesi, V; Stolcers, K; Kokaine, L; Novikovs, V; Capel, L; Bastiaenen, V; Heijmans, H; Henriques, S; Gan, Sz; Ramanayake, H; Nolan, M; Temperley, H; Ciofic, E; Pop, Ba; Kurtenkov, M; Vician, M; Arias, Pe; de Heredia, Jb; Martinez, Ml; Alvarez, Id; Alvarez-Gallego, M; Artigas, Jmr; Dwidar, O; Korkmaz, Hk; Eray, Ic; Meric, S; Aydin, R; Cetin, B; Karaca, Be; Kuyumcu, Of; Yuksel, E; Uprak, Tk; Karabulut, K; Kavukcu, E; Mansor, A; Hackett, R; Zammit-Maempel, M; Sabaratnam, R; Maan, A; Ferarrio, I; Dixon, L; Halai, H; Sethi, S; Nelson, L; Grassam-rowe, A; Krishnan, E; Deeny, D; Mckeever, M; Pandeth, Ag; Dhavala, P; Sreenivasan, S; Venkatesan, Gs; Zhu, L; Atiyah, Z; Gregory, J; Morey, T; Seymour, Z; Holdsworth, L; Abdelmahmoud, S; Bourhill, J; Bisheet, G; Shaw, J; Kulkarni, K; Kumarakulasingam, P; Pillay, S; Al-Habsi, R; Kungwengwe, G; Richards, J; Davoudi, K; Ibrahim, B; Tailor, B; Zayed, M; Chen, F; Bailey, S; Sheefat, S; Nawaz, G; Pawar, R; Marsh, S; Sam, Zh; Bentley, Sr; Simpson, C; Hughes, J; Lim, Y; Ooi, R; Toh, Wh; Mannion, P; Lovett, A; Hussein, S; Kirby, E; Beckett, Rg; Salmon, J; Glynn, T; Choo, Sy; Lyons, S; Browne, D; Ravindran, W; Ahmad, S; Zhu, X; Mcnulty, J; Mccarthy, L; Ng, J; Karmally, Z; Mcteir, K; Hanna, M; Tan, E; Namdeo, S; Schembri, R; Pusey, E

doi:10.1093/bjs/znac069

Background:Manysurgeonsroutinelyplaceintraperitonealdrainsafterelectivecolorectalsurgery.However,enhancedrecoveryafter surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods:COMPASS(COMPlicAtedintra-abdominalcollectionSaftercolorectalSurgery)wasaprospective,international,cohortstudy whichenrolledconsecutiveadultsundergoingelectivecolorectalsurgery(FebruarytoMarch2020).Theprimaryoutcomewastherate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results: Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798women,44.2 percent;medianage67.0years).Thedraininsertion rate was51.9percent(937patients).Aftermatching,drainswerenotassociatedwithreducedrates(oddsratio(OR)1.33,95percentc.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P=0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P=0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P=0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P,0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P,0.001). Conclusion: Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk.

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study / Sgro, A; Blanco-Colino, R; Ahmed, Wur; Brindl, N; Gujjuri, Rr; Lapolla, P; Mills, Ec; Perez-Ajates, S; Soares, As; Varghese, C; Xu, W; Mclean, Ka; Chapman, Sj; Espin-Basany, E; Glasbey, Jc; Mihaljevic, A; Nepogodiev, D; Pata, F; Pellino, G; Pockney, P; Dudi-Venkata, Nn; Egoroff, N; Ludbrook, I; Raubenheimer, K; Richards, T; Delibegovic, S; Salibasic, M; Amjad, T; Dorr-Harim, C; Gedeon, N; Gsenger, J; Tachezy, M; Bini, S; Gallo, G; Gori, A; Picciariello, A; Podda, M; Riboni, C; Machatschek, Mj; Nguyen, A; Jakubauskas, M; Kryzauskas, M; Poskus, T; Kuiper, Sz; Wang, J; Wells, Ci; Bissett, Ip; Augestad, Km; Steinholt, I; Vieira, Bn; Juloski, J; Bautista, Oa; El Kasmy, Ye; Martin-Borregon, P; Revilla, Mo; Van Straten, S; Aktas, Mk; Baki, Be; Akhbari, M; Baker, D; Bhatia, S; Brown, S; Cambridge, W; Kamarajah, Sk; Khaw, Ra; Kouli, O; Murray, V; Trout, I; Yasin, I; Wong, Jy; Reyhani, H; Wong, Khf; Pancharatnam, R; Chia, Wl; Walmsley, A; Hassane, A; Saeed, D; Wang, B; Walters, B; Nowinka, Z; Alsaif, A; Mirza, M; Foster, K; Luu, J; Kakodkar, P; Hughes, Jt; Yogarajah, T; Antypas, A; Rahman, A; Bradbury, M; Mclarnon, M; Nagi, S; Riad, Am; Erotocritou, M; Kyriacou, H; Kaminskaite, V; Alfadhel, S; Hussain, Qf; Handa, A; Dimov, R; Mughal, H; Slavchev, M; Ivanov, T; Gouvas, N; Hegazi, A; Kocian, P; Kjaer, Md; Mark-Christensen, A; Papakonstantinou, D; Machairas, N; Triantafyllou, T; Garoufalia, Z; Korkolis, D; Castaldi, A; Giaccari, S; Spolverato, G; Pagano, G; Milone, M; Turri, G; Colombo, F; Cucinotta, E; Poillucci, G; Perra, T; Tutino, R; Belia, F; Coletta, D; Belli, A; Rega, D; Cianci, P; Pirozzolo, G; Di Lena, M; Perrone, F; Giani, A; Lovisetto, F; Grassia, M; Federico, Nsp; Ferrara, F; Biancafarina, A; Tamini, N; Sinibaldi, G; Tuminello, F; Galleano, R; Sasia, D; Bragaglia, L; Garberini, Ad; Pesce, A; Cassaro, F; Venturelli, P; Canu, Gl; Esposito, G; Campanelli, M; Cardia, R; Ricciardiello, M; Sagnotta, A; Canonico, G; De Marco, G; Cappiello, A; Pinotti, E; Carlei, F; Lisi, G; Bagaglini, G; Farrugia, M; van Praag, Emm; Monteiro, C; Pereira, M; Botelho, P; Quigley, A; O'Neill, A; Gaule, L; Crone, L; Arnold, A; Grama, F; Beuca, A; Tulina, I; Litvin, A; Panyko, A; Ossola, Me; Diaz, Jt; Santos, Jmm; Batanero, Ea; de Las Casas, Sg; Verdeguer, Cs; Colas-Ruiz, E; El-Abur, It; Dominguez, Mg; Delorme, M; Sauvain, M; Ozmen, Bb; Ozkan, Bb; Calikoglu, F; Kural, S; Zafer, F; Kaya, Y; Yalcinkaya, A; Kargici, K; Tepe, Md; Tatar, Oc; Kabadayi, E; Hurmuzlu, D; Korkmaz, K; Sharma, P; Troller, R; Hagan, N; Mooney, J; Light, A; Tansey, M; Bhojwani, D; Mcging, Rm; Mallon, A; Fadel, M; Spilsbury, C; James, R; O'Brien, S; Isaac, A; Balasubramanya, S; Sadik, H; Gala, T; Chen, Jy; Turner, B; Goh, E; Hassan, K; Karam, M; Mason, P; Tzoumas, N; Noton, T; Seehra, Jk; Ahmed, N; Motiwale, R; Tanna, V; Argyriou, A; Bylapudi, Sk; Grace, N; Latif, S; Hounat, A; Kiam, Js; Zaidi, M; Elsamani, K; Hughes, C; Suresh, A; Sinan, Loh; El-Dalil, D; Khoo, Ejm; Salim, Ee; Stark, D; Minhas, N; Fowler, G; Rees, E; Giudiceandrea, I; Bardon, A; Jayawardena, P; Dieseru, N; Murphy, A; Yates, C; Ziolkowska, K; Rafie, A; Khoda, F; Okocha, M; Ashdown, T; Vitish-Sharma, P; Gilliland, J; Toh, S; Jones, K; Devine, A; Berry, A; Mcdonnell, S; Olivier, J; Richardson, G; Lim, Hj; Slim, N; Elsayeh, K; Sammour, T; Sarpanov, A; Belev, N; Dimitrov, D; Dusek, T; Ntomi, V; Sotiropoulos, Gc; Theodorou, D; Nikiteas, N; Balalis, D; Antropoli, C; Altomare, Df; Luglio, G; De Palma, Gd; Pedrazzani, C; Simonelli, L; Brozzetti, S; Porcu, A; Massani, M; Grazi, Gl; Izzo, F; Delrio, P; Restini, E; Chetta, G; Lantone, G; Ferrari, G; Lucchi, A; De Prizio, M; Caristo, G; Borghi, F; Petrucciani, N; Huscher, C; Cocorullo, G; Tonini, V; Medas, F; Sica, G; Cillara, N; Anastasi, A; Bianco, F; Giuliani, A; Carlini, M; Selvaggi, F; Sammarco, G; Malasonoks, A; Andrejevic, P; Tanis, P; van de Ven, A; Gerhards, M; da Silva, Br; Silva, A; Lima, Mj; Kavanagh, D; Mccawley, N; Bintintan, V; Karamarkovic, A; Ortega, Gs; De Andres-Asenjo, B; Garcia, Cn; Florez, Ljg; Segura-Sampedro, Jj; Laina, Jlb; Ponchietti, L; Buchwald, P; Gialamas, E; Ozben, V; Rencuzogullari, A; Altinel, Y; Isik, O; Yoldas, T; Isik, A; Erturk, Ms; Guner, A; Guler, Sa; Attaallah, W; Marzook, H; Eardley, N; Smolarek, S; Morgan, R; Roxburgh, C; Lala, Ak; Salama, Y; Singh, B; Khanna, A; Evans, M; Shaikh, I; Thippeswamy, Km; Appleton, B; Moug, S; Smith, I; Smart, N; Shah, P; Williams, G; Khera, G; Goede, A; Varcada, M; Parmar, C; Duff, S; Hargest, R; Marriott, P; Speake, D; Ben Sassi, A; Furfaro, B; Daudu, D; Golijanin, N; Yek, Wy; Capasso, G; Mansour, Lt; Niu, N; Seow, W; Hamidovic, A; Kulovic, E; Letic, E; Helez, M; Banji-Kelan, A; Dimitrova, N; Kavradjieva, P; Ivanov, V; Jukaku, A; Hadzhiev, D; Gabarski, A; Karamanliev, M; Vladova, P; Iliev, S; Yotsov, T; Vetsa, K; Stavrinidou, O; Papatheodorou, P; Liassides, T; Georgiou, T; Al Nassrallah, M; Altaf, R; Negametzyanov, M; Zagibova, D; Foltys, F; Stefanova, H; Paspala, A; Bompetsi, G; Sidiropoulos, T; Stamopoulos, P; Triantafyllou, A; Theodoropoulos, C; Kimpizi, A; Palyvou, T; Charalabopoulos, A; Syllaios, A; Schizas, D; Liatsou, E; Baili, E; Vagios, I; Tomara, N; Davakis, S; Palumbo, A; Foroni, F; Dibra, R; Papagni, V; Urbani, A; Rossin, E; Nezi, G; Romano, P; Amendola, A; Esposito, E; Manigrasso, M; Anoldo, P; Vertaldi, S; Gecchele, G; Sabrina, Zs; Guerci, C; Cammarata, F; Lamperti, Gmb; Zaffaroni, G; Benuzzi, L; Ferrario, L; Cigognini, M; Mazzeo, C; Badessi, G; Pintabona, G; Fassari, A; Mingoli, A; Cirillo, B; D'Alterio, C; Brachini, G; Tancredi, M; Zambon, M; Aulicino, M; Sapienza, P; Liberatore, P; Scanu, Am; Feo, Cf; Iacomino, A; Pelizzo, P; Rossi, S; Vigna, Sa; Grossi, U; Grillo, V; Agnes, A; Schena, Ca; Marincola, G; Oddi, A; Perotti, B; Mario, V; Perri, P; Zazza, S; Aversano, A; Scala, D; Di Lauro, K; Leongito, M; Piccirillo, M; Patrone, R; Capuzzolo, S; Vignotto, C; Bao, Qr; Giuseppe, C; Angarano, E; Marino, F; Pezzolla, F; Gigante, G; Magistro, C; Crippa, J; Maspero, M; Carnevali, P; Trapani, R; Zonta, S; Agostinelli, L; Vittori, L; Romeo, L; Doria, E; Farnesi, F; Danna, R; Andolfi, E; Pellicano', Ga; Angelini, M; Scricciolo, M; Zanframundo, C; Ciulli, C; Ripamonti, L; Cigagna, L; Oldani, M; Larcinese, A; Rossi, D; Picone, E; Crescentini, G; Marano, A; Migliore, M; Giuffrida, Mc; Palagi, S; Testa, V; Borrello, A; Lucarini, A; Garofalo, E; Canali, G; Orlandi, P; Nervegna, F; Marchegiani, F; Damoli, I; Licata, A; Trovato, C; Alicata, F; Sardo, F; Milazzo, M; Randisi, B; Dominici, Dm; Sartarelli, L; Zanni, M; Pisanu, A; Soddu, C; Delogu, D; Erdas, E; Campus, F; Cappellacci, F; Casti, F; Marcialis, J; Atzeni, J; Podda, Mg; Sensi, B; Franceschilli, M; Bellato, V; Cannavera, A; Putzu, G; di Mola, F; Picardi, B; Solinas, L; Loponte, M; del Monte, Sr; Di Martino, C; Linari, C; Spagni, G; Capezzuoli, L; Tirloni, L; Nelli, T; Caridi, A; Elter, C; Camassa, M; D'Amico, S; Bargellini, T; Incollingo, P; Montuori, M; Maffione, F; Romano, L; Valiyeva, S; Spoletini, D; Tasselli, Fm; Sciaudone, G; Selvaggi, L; Menna, Mp; De Paola, G; Fulginiti, S; Truskovs, A; Weiss, C; Rauscher, Jtr; Larnovskis, J; Jeyarajan-Davidsson, M; Nitisa, D; Gille, N; Reiser, Sc; Roshan, Mhk; Leseman, C; Chen, J; Top, C; Detering, R; Matos, C; Silva, C; Pinto, D; Mendes, J; Couto, J; Leite, M; Velez, C; Cotovio, Md; Cinza, Am; de Lima, Rp; Boyle, E; Yang, Hw; Banerjee, I; Rahmat, S; Afzal, Z; Reid, C; Dumitrascu, F; Croyle, Ja; Gressmann, K; Cullen, N; Graham, A; Nasehi, A; King, Cm; Martin, B; Stokell, C; Sanderson, N; Farnan, R; Jassim, S; Chan, B; Long, Kcv; Kaka, N; Pandey, S; Neo, Wx; Chitul, A; Bezede, C; Cincilei, D; David, A; Blaga, M; Blaga, Sn; Fagarasan, V; Khetagurova, M; Rodimov, S; Kapustina, A; Mekhralyzade, A; Zabiyaka, M; Cuk, V; Hajska, M; Dubovsky, M; Hrosova, M; Ferancikova, N; Rodriguez, Ec; Alcantara, Fl; Adarraga, J; Jezieniecki, C; Soriano, Mr; Sanz, Tg; Suarez, A; Garcia, Cs; Canales, Ic; Perez, Jl; Merayo, M; Urbieta, A; Simon, Ag; Tone, Jf; Martinez, Jg; Bravo, Mv; Chavarrias, N; Catalan, Ag; Oseira, A; Villalonga, B; Jeri, S; Calvo, Jp; Nogues, A; Cros, B; Yanez, C; Fornals, Au; Golet, Mr; Colsa, P; Maurel, Tg; Axmarker, T; Chevallay, M; Pham, Tv; Sel, Ek; Atar, C; Aba, M; Sarkin, M; Akkaya, Ym; Durmaz, Ag; Gullu, Hf; Bakar, B; Demirel, Mt; Hysejni, X; Taser, M; Guzel, Or; Bozbiyik, O; Ozen, D; Olmez, M; Uyar, B; Gulcek, E; Kayacan, Gs; Gul, Of; Altiner, S; Ibis, B; Altunsu, S; Banaz, T; Diler, C; Demirbas, I; Usta, Ma; Erkul, O; Orman, R; Salih, S; Utkan, Nz; Acil, C; Ozgur, E; Maddahali, M; Turhan, Ab; Eskici, Ab; Ular, B; Arslan, Er; Sharif, Ap; Dikmen, E; Ates, J; Bircan, R; Cavus, T; Sever, Ae; Balak, B; Duman, E; Altay, L; Emanet, O; Cullen, F; Tan, Jy; Nathan, A; Rottenberg, A; Williams, Cy; Mitrofan, Cg; Xu, D; Bawa, Jh; Morris, P; Gordon, D; Richmond, G; Hui, Jc; Ighomereho, O; Rocks, R; Mccabe, S; Fitzpatrick, A; Nicoletti, J; Auterson, L; Darrah, N; Soh, Vwy; Ong, Cs; Utukuri, M; Gallagher, C; Stuart, Lm; Hipolito, M; Douglas, N; Ghazal, R; Parris, G; Catchpole, J; Bryden, M; Jamal, S; Karim, Z; Lyon-Dean, C; Rowley, G; Lee, Ks; Whitehurst, O; Mirza, A; Sheikh, F; Yousaf, H; Bilbao, J; Sinclair, R; Takar, S; Kressel, H; Chan, V; Schack, K; Osborne, R; Baldemor, S; Smyth, S; Gilmour, S; Ting, A; Bozonelou, I; Saunders, P; Anwar, Qaq; Tirimanna, R; Jauhari, S; Gardener, A; Walker, B; Wenban, C; Reddy, H; Conway-Jones, R; Loganathan, S; Clynch, A; James, C; Matey, E; Cameron, F; Roberts, W; Gicquel, A; Milliken, C; Forbes, J; Rubinchik, P; Azmi, A; Hawkes, C; Cornett, L; Adarkwah, P; Mcconville, R; Tijare, C; Parkes, J; Yao, L; Ahmad, R; Shafiq, U; Mhaisalkar, A; Gurung, A; de Stadler, K; Elias, S; Thomas, T; Madras, A; Jani, A; Daler, Hk; Tong, Ks; Sundaralingam, Ss; Szal, A; Khan, A; Baker, E; Joseph-Gubral, J; Hadley, E; Trivedi, R; Igwelaezoh, E; Barton, H; Allison, W; Hurst, W; Alam, F; Parkes, I; Jamshaid, M; Azizan, N; Burgher, T; Afzal, A; Eltilib, I; Zahid, M; Sadiq, O; Lloyd, A; Ho, R; Brazukas, A; Li C, H; Kamdar, M; Nazeer, Mnm; Mighiu, A; Kim, D; Wilkins, L; Kuo, L; Rafe, T; Maduka, D; Cheema, H; Farag, K; Abdellatif, M; Nzewi, R; Kruczynska, A; Grasselli, H; Yousuff, M; Bassi, R; Mann, Ak; Chopra, J; Shaikh, M; Sa, Sd; Tsimplis, V; Ghanchi, A; Skene, E; Asim, K; Zaheer, M; Chan, S; Dalton, H; Gibbons, K; Adderley, O; Chukwujindu, I; Jayasuriya, I; Sivanu, K; Borumand, M; Chick, G; Bridges, I; Tomlin, J; Mckenna, J; Nandra, N; Grieco, C; Quek, Ff; Mercer, R; Brankin-Frisby, T; Sattar, A; Aslam, A; Edelsten, E; Shafi, S; Kouli, T; Ford, V; Gurung, F; Fernandes, M; Deader, N; Ponniah, R; Jamieson, S; Davies, A; Taubwurcel, J; Aung, Mt; Desai, R; Begum, S; Jamadar, T; Kangatharan, A; Rzeszowski, B; Ho, C; Yap, Shk; Prendergast, M; Sethi, R; Duku, A; Lowe, C; Bray, J; Ghobrial, M; Nichita, V; Wagstaff, A; Rengasamy, E; Abu Hassan, F; Mahmood, H; Savill, N; Shah, S; Almeida, T; Edwards, A; Catchpole, B; Halford, Z; Carmichael, A; Alsusa, H; Boyd, M; Williams, J; Feyi-Waboso, J; Patel, M; Zeidan, Z; Bailey, E; Bapty, J; Brazkiewicz, M; Tremlett, A; Pringle, H; Mankal, S; Chung, W; Parry-Jones, E; Anderson, K; Mcforrester, A; Stanley, A; Hoather, A; Wise, H; Laid, I; Scriven, J; Braniste, A; Wilson, A; Le Blevec, L; Pakunwanich, N; Evans, N; Chong, Hl; White, C; Hunter, J; Haque, M; Vanalia, P; Murdoch, S; Choudhary, T; Mccann, A; Harun, A; Shah, H; Hunt, S; Shafiq, Y; Bickley-Morris, E; Emms, L; Dare, M; Akula, Y; Deliyannis, E; Mayes, F; Ellacott, M; Zagorac, Z; Farren, A; Manning, C; Hughed, C; Stewart, Eg; Lim, Kh; Chohan, N; Thaker, A; Thompson, B; Ahari, D; Burdekin, E; Okwu, U; Akintunde, A; Lhaf, F; Douthwaite, J; Govindan, R; Leelamanthep, S; Gull, E; Wright, F; Dundas, L; Mackdermott, N; Burchi-Khairy, T; Campbell, I; Walsh, J; Yeo, Jy; Meehan, S; Banerjee, D; Fu, M; Kawka, M; Ali, T; Hussain, Z; Thomas, C; Ahmad, H; Moroney, J; Yick, C; Risquet, R; Ntuiabane, D; Shimato, M; Khan, M; Ilangovan, S; Vaselli, Nm; Smithers, R; Marage, Ru; Valnarov-Boulter, A; Kayran, J; Banerjee, M; Parekh-Hill, N; Hooper, A; Bowen, J; Jagdish, R; Mcquoid, C; Khan, N; Hare, Ro; Jeffery, S; Zahid, A; Elsworth, C; Walter, L; Dhillon, S; Rao, S; Anthony, A; Ashaye, A; Phillips, N; Faderani, R; Pengelly, S; Choi, S; Kwak, Sy; Lau, Yhl; Bagheri, K; Ong, Dyc; Kerr, E; Falconer, K; Clancy, N; Douglas, S; Zhang, Y; Greenfield, F; Mutanga, I; Mcalinden, J; Willis, L; Adefolaju, A; Agarwal, H; Barter, R; Harris, G; Spencer, G; Lee, Mw; Vadiveloo, Tv; Herbert, G; Patel, R; Shah, M; El Falaha, S; Wong, C; Soare, C; Akram, J; Bozhkova, L; Ma, Y; Vo, Ug; Tan, Hwn; Leto, L; Kamal, Ma; Hadzhieva, E; Krastev, P; Tonchev, P; Kokkinos, G; Pozotou, I; Sabbagh, D; Votava, J; St, F; Koliakos, N; Tsaparas, P; Zografos, G; Mantas, D; Tsourouflis, G; Fradelos, E; Trigiante, G; Labellarte, G; Resta, G; Capelli, G; Verlingieri, V; Campagnaro, T; Maffioli, A; Viscosi, F; De Lucia, C; Meneghini, S; Fancellu, A; Colella, M; Biondi, A; De Peppo, V; Pace, U; Albino, V; Gattulli, D; Piangerelli, A; Kalivaci, D; Sisto, G; Mazzola, M; Caneparo, A; Lunghi, Eg; Nespoli, Lc; Angrisani, M; Langone, A; Gelarda, E; Virgilio, E; Angelini, E; Fornasier, C; Asero, S; Filippone, E; Frongia, F; Calo, Pg; Panaccio, P; Ipponi, P; Gili, S; Braccio, B; Tiesi, V; Stolcers, K; Kokaine, L; Novikovs, V; Capel, L; Bastiaenen, V; Heijmans, H; Henriques, S; Gan, Sz; Ramanayake, H; Nolan, M; Temperley, H; Ciofic, E; Pop, Ba; Kurtenkov, M; Vician, M; Arias, Pe; de Heredia, Jb; Martinez, Ml; Alvarez, Id; Alvarez-Gallego, M; Artigas, Jmr; Dwidar, O; Korkmaz, Hk; Eray, Ic; Meric, S; Aydin, R; Cetin, B; Karaca, Be; Kuyumcu, Of; Yuksel, E; Uprak, Tk; Karabulut, K; Kavukcu, E; Mansor, A; Hackett, R; Zammit-Maempel, M; Sabaratnam, R; Maan, A; Ferarrio, I; Dixon, L; Halai, H; Sethi, S; Nelson, L; Grassam-rowe, A; Krishnan, E; Deeny, D; Mckeever, M; Pandeth, Ag; Dhavala, P; Sreenivasan, S; Venkatesan, Gs; Zhu, L; Atiyah, Z; Gregory, J; Morey, T; Seymour, Z; Holdsworth, L; Abdelmahmoud, S; Bourhill, J; Bisheet, G; Shaw, J; Kulkarni, K; Kumarakulasingam, P; Pillay, S; Al-Habsi, R; Kungwengwe, G; Richards, J; Davoudi, K; Ibrahim, B; Tailor, B; Zayed, M; Chen, F; Bailey, S; Sheefat, S; Nawaz, G; Pawar, R; Marsh, S; Sam, Zh; Bentley, Sr; Simpson, C; Hughes, J; Lim, Y; Ooi, R; Toh, Wh; Mannion, P; Lovett, A; Hussein, S; Kirby, E; Beckett, Rg; Salmon, J; Glynn, T; Choo, Sy; Lyons, S; Browne, D; Ravindran, W; Ahmad, S; Zhu, X; Mcnulty, J; Mccarthy, L; Ng, J; Karmally, Z; Mcteir, K; Hanna, M; Tan, E; Namdeo, S; Schembri, R; Pusey, E. - In: BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY. - ISSN 0007-1323. - 109:6(2022), pp. 520-529. [10.1093/bjs/znac069]