Background: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. Methods: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARSCoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models. Results: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P ¼ 0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas. Conclusion: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas.
BACKGROUND: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery.METHODS: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARS-CoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models.RESULTS: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P=0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas.CONCLUSION: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas.
Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic / James, C Glasbey (UK); Omar Omar, (UK); Dmitri Nepogodiev, (UK); Ana Minaya-Bravo, (Spain); Brittany Kay Bankhead-Kendall, (US); Marco Fiore, (Italy); Kaori Futaba (Hong, Kong); Alodia Gabre-Kidan, (USA); Rohan, R Gujjuri (UK); Arda Isik, (Turkey); Haytham MA Kaafarani, (USA); Sivesh, K Kamarajah (UK); Elizabeth Li, (UK); Markus, W Löffler (Germany); Kenneth, A McLean (UK); Oumaima Outani, (Morocco); Faustin Ntirenganya, (Rwanda); Sohei Satoi, (Japan); Richard Shaw, (UK); Joana FF Simoes, (Portugal); Grant, D Stewart (UK); Stephen Tabiri, (Ghana); Isobel, M Trout (UK); Aneel, A Bhangu (UK; Overall guarantor)., Omar Omar; Kwabena, Siaw-Acheampong; Ruth, A Benson; Edward, Bywater; Daoud, Chaudhry; Brett, E Dawson; Jonathan, P Evans; James, C Glasbey; Rohan, R Gujjuri; Emily, Heritage; Conor, S Jones; Sivesh, K Kamarajah; Chetan, Khatri; Rachel, A Khaw; James, M Keatley; Andrew, Knight; Samuel, Lawday; Elizabeth, Li; Harvinder, S Mann; Ella, J Marson; Kenneth, A McLean; Siobhan, C Mckay; Emily, C Mills; Dmitri, Nepogodiev; Gianluca, Pellino; Maria, Picciochi; Elliott, H Taylor; Abhinav, Tiwari; Joana FF, Simoes; Isobel, M Trout; Mary, L Venn; Richard JW, Wilkin; Aneel Bhangu., James C Glasbey (Chair); Colorectal: Neil, J Smart; Ana, Minaya-Bravo; Jonathan, P Evans; Gaetano, Gallo; Susan, Moug; Francesco, Pata; Peter, Pockney; Salomone Di, Saverio; Abigail, Vallance; Dale, Vimalchandran; Oesophagogastric: Ewen, A Griffiths; Sivesh, K Kamarajah; Richard PT, Evans; Philip, Townend; Hepatopancreatobilary: Keith, Roberts; Siobhan, Mckay; John, Isaac; Sohei, Satoi; Thoracic: John, Edwards; Aman, S Coonar; Adrian, Marchbank; Edward, J Caruana; Georgia, R Layton; Akshay, Patel; Alessandro, Brunelli; Sarcoma: Samuel, Ford; Anant, Desai; Alessandro, Gronchi; Marco, Fiore; Max, Almond; Fabio, Tirotta; Sinziana, Dumitra; Neurosurgery: Angelos, Kolias; Stephen, J Price; Daniel, M Fountain; Michael, D Jenkinson; Peter, Hutchinson; Hani, J Marcus; Rory, J Piper; Laura, Lippa; Franco, Servadei; Ignatius, Esene; Christian, Freyschlag; Iuri, Neville; Gail, Rosseau; Karl, Schaller; Andreas, K Demetriades; Faith, Robertson; Alex, Alamri; Head and neck: Richard, Shaw; Andrew, G Schache; Stuart, C Winter; Michael, Ho; Paul, Nankivell; Juan Rey, Biel; Martin, Batstone; Ian, Ganly; Breast: Raghavan, Vidya; Alex, Wilkins; Jagdeep, K Singh; Dinesh, Thekinkattil; Gynaecology: Sudha, Sundar; Christina, Fotopoulou; Elaine, Leung; Tabassum, Khan; Luis, Chiva; Jalid, Sehouli; Anna, Fagotti; Paul, Cohen; Murat, Gutelkin; Rahel, Ghebre; Thomas, Konney; Rene, Pareja; Rob, Bristow; Sean, Dowdy; Shylasree TS, Rajkumar; Joe, Ng; Keiiji, Fujiwara; Urology: Grant, D Stewart; Benjamin, Lamb; Krishna, Narahari; Alan, Mcneill; Alexandra, Colquhoun; John, Mcgrath; Steve, Bromage; Ravi, Barod; Veeru, Kasivisvanathan; Tobias Klatte., Joana FF Simoes (Chair); Tom EF, Abbott; Sadi, Abukhalaf; Michel, Adamina; Adesoji, O Ademuyiwa; Arnav, Agarwal; Murat, Akkulak; Ehab, Alameer; Derek, Alderson; Felix, Alakaloko; Markus, Albertsmeiers; Osaid, Alser; Muhammad, Alshaar; Sattar, Alshryda; Alexis, P Arnaud; Knut Magne, Augestad; Faris, Ayasra; José, Azevedo; Brittany, K Bankhead-Kendall; Emma, Barlow; David, Beard; Ruth, A Benson; Ruth, Blanco-Colino; Amanpreet, Brar; Ana, Minaya-Bravo; Kerry, A Breen; Chris, Bretherton; Igor Lima, Buarque; Joshua, Burke; Edward, J Caruana; Mohammad, Chaar; Sohini, Chakrabortee; Peter, Christensen; Daniel, Cox; Moises, Cukier; Miguel, F Cunha; Giana, H Davidson; Anant, Desai; Salomone Di, Saverio; Thomas, M Drake; John, G Edwards; Muhammed, Elhadi; Sameh, Emile; Shebani, Farik; Marco, Fiore; J Edward, Fitzgerald; Samuel, Ford; Tatiana, Garmanova; Gaetano, Gallo; Dhruv, Ghosh; Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde, Gomes; Gustavo, Grecinos; Ewen, A Griffiths; Madalegna, Gründl; Constantine, Halkias; Ewen, M Harrison; Intisar, Hisham; Peter, J Hutchinson; Shelley, Hwang; Arda, Isik; Michael, D Jenkinson; Pascal, Jonker; Haytham MA, Kaafarani; Debby, Keller; Angelos, Kolias; Schelto, Kruijff; Ismail, Lawani; Hans, Lederhuber; Sezai, Leventoglu; Andrey, Litvin; Andrew, Loehrer; Markus, W Löffler; Maria Aguilera, Lorena; Maria Marta, Modolo; Piotr, Major; Janet, Martin; Hassan, N Mashbari; Dennis, Mazingi; Symeon, Metallidis; Ana, Minaya-Bravo; Helen, M Mohan; Rachel, Moore; David, Moszkowicz; Susan, Moug; Joshua, S Ng-Kamstra; Mayaba, Maimbo; Ionut, Negoi; Milagros, Niquen; Faustin, Ntirenganya; Maricarmen, Olivos; Kacimi, Oussama; Oumaima, Outani; Marie Dione, Parreno-Sacdalanm; Francesco, Pata; Carlos Jose Perez, Rivera; Thomas, D Pinkney; Willemijn van der, Plas; Peter, Pockney; Ahmad, Qureshi; Dejan, Radenkovic; Antonio Ramos-De la, Medina; Keith, Roberts; April, C Roslani; Martin, Rutegård; Juan José, Segura-Sampedro; Irène, Santos; Sohei, Satoi; Raza, Sayyed; Andrew, Schache; Andreas, A Schnitzbauer; Justina O., Seyi-Olajide; Neil, Sharma; 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Ho, Mf; Hon, Sf; Mak, Twc; Ng SSM (Prince Of Wales, Hospital); Foo CC (Queen Mary Hospital)., Banky B; Suszták N (Szent Borbála Kórház)., Aremu M; Canas-Martinez, A; Cullivan, O; Murphy, C; Owens, P; Pickett, L (Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown); Akmenkalne, L; Byrne, J; Corrigan, M; Cullinane, C; Daly, A; Fleming, C; Jordan, P; Killeen, S; Lynch, N; Mccarthy, A; Mustafa, H; O’Brien, S; O’Leary, P; Syed, Was; Vernon, L (Cork University Hospital); Callanan, D; Huang, L; Ionescu, A; Sheahan, P (South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital); Balasubramanian, I; Boland, M; Conlon, K; Evoy, D; Fearon, N; Gallagher, T; Geraghty, J; Heneghan, H; Kennedy, N; Maguire, D; Mccartan, D; Mcdermott, Ew; Prichard, Rs; Winter, D (St Vincent’s University Hospital); Alazawi, D; Barry, C; Boyle, T; Butt, W; Connolly, Em; Donlon, N; Donohue, C; Fahey, Ba; Farrell, R; Fitzgerald, C; Kinsella, J; Larkin, Jo; Lennon, P; Maguire, Pj; Mccormick, P; Mehigan, Bj; Mohan, H; Nugent, T; O’Sullivan, H; Ravi, N; Reynolds, Jv; Rogers, A; Shokuhi, P; Smith, J; Smith, La; Timon C (St., James’s Hospital); Bashir, Y; Bass, G; Connelly, T; Creavin, B; Earley, H; Elliott, Ja; Gillis, A; Kavanagh, D; Neary, P; O’Riordan, J; Reynolds, Is; Rice, D; Ridgway, P; Umair, M; Whelan, M (Tallaght Hospital); Carroll, P; Collins, C; Corless, K; Finnegan, L; Fowler, A; Hogan, A; Kerin, M; Lowery, A; Mcanena, P; Mckevitt, K; Nizami, K; Ryan, É; Samy, A (University Hospital Galway); Coffey, Jc; Cunningham, R; Devine, M; Nally, D; Peirce, C; Tormey, S (University Hospital Limerick); Hardy, N; Neary, P; O’Malley, S; Ryan M (University Hospital Waterford/University College Cork)., Macina S (Asst Mantua); Mariani, Nm; Opocher, E; Pisani Ceretti A (Asst Santi Paolo, E Carlo); Ferrari, F; Odicino, F; Sartori, E (Asst Spedali Civili; Ospedale Di, Brescia); Cotsoglou C, Granieri S (Asst Vimercate); Bianco, F; Camillo’, A; Colledan, M; Tornese, S; Zambelli MF (Asst-Papa Giovanni Xxiii-, Bergamo); Bissolotti, G; Fusetti, S; Lemma, F (Azienda Ospedaliera Di Padova); Marino, Mv; Mirabella, A; Vaccarella, G (Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello; Palermo), ; Agostini, C; Alemanno, G; Bartolini, I; Bergamini, C; Bruscino, A; Checcucci, C; De Vincenti, R; Di Bella, A; Fambrini, M; Fortuna, L; Maltinti, G; Muiesan, P; Petraglia, F; Prosperi, P; Ringressi, Mn; Risaliti, M; Sorbi, F; Taddei, A; Tucci, R (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi); Bassi, C; Bortolasi, L; Campagnaro, T; Casetti, L; De Pastena, M; Esposito, A; Fontana, M; Guglielmi, A; Landoni, L; Malleo, G; Marchegiani, G; Nobile, S; Paiella, S; Pedrazzani, C; Rattizzato, S; Ruzzenente, A; Salvia, R; Turri, G; Tuveri, M (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Di Verona); Bellora, P; D’Aloisio, G; Ferrari, M; Francone, E; Gentilli, S; Nikaj, H (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità); Bianchini, M; Chiarugi, M; Coccolini, F; Di Franco, G; Furbetta, N; Gianardi, D; Guadagni, S; Morelli, L; Palmeri, M; Tartaglia, D (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana); Anania, G; Carcoforo, P; Chiozza, M; De Troia, A; Koleva Radica, M; Portinari, M; Sibilla, Mg; Urbani, A (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Sant’anna); Fabbri, N; Feo, Cv; Gennari, S; Parini, S; Righini E (Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Ferrara, - University of Ferrara); Ampollini, L; Bellanti, L; Bergonzani, M; Bertoli, G; Bocchialini, G; D’Angelo, G; Lanfranco, D; Musini, L; Poli, T; Santoro, Gp; Varazzani, A (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma); Aguzzoli, L; Borgonovo, G; Castro Ruiz, C; Coiro, S; Falco, G; Mandato, Vd; Mastrofilippo, V; Montella, Mt; Annessi, V; Zizzo M (Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, - Irccs Di Reggio Emilia); Grossi, U; Novello, S; Romano, M; Rossi, S; Zanus, G (Ca’ Foncello Treviso-DISCOG-Universit Di Padova); Esposito, G; Frongia, F; Pisanu, A; Podda, M (Cagliari University Hospital); Belluco, C; Lauretta, A; Montori, G; Moras, L; Olivieri, M (Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico Di Aviano (Cro) Irccs); Bussu, F; Carta, Ag; Cossu, Ml; Cottu, P; Fancellu, A; Feo, Claudio; Ginesu, Gc; Giuliani, G; Madonia, M; Perra, T; Piras, A; Porcu, A; Rizzo, D; Scanu, Am; Tedde, A; Tedde, M (Cliniche San Pietro; A. o. u., Sassari); Delrio, P; Rega D (Colorectal Surgical Oncology Unit, - Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione; Pascale-, I. r. c. c. s. ).; Badalamenti, G; Campisi, G; Cordova, A; Franza, M; Maniaci, G; Rinaldi, G; Toia, F (Department Of Surgical; Oncological And Oral Sciences., University Of Palermo); Calabrò, M; Farnesi, F; Lunghi, Eg; Muratore, A; Pipitone Federico NS (Edoardo, Agnelli); Bàmbina, F; D’Andrea, G; Familiari, P; Picotti, V (Fabrizio Spaziani); De Palma, G; Luglio, G; Pagano, G; Tropeano FP (Federico Il University, Hospital); Baldari, L; Beltramini, Ga; Boni, L; Cassinotti, E; Gianni’, A; Pignataro, L; Torretta S (Fondazione Irccs Ca’ Granda, - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico); Abatini, C; Baia, M; Biasoni, D; Bogani, G; Cadenelli, P; Capizzi, V; Cioffi, Spb; Citterio, D; Comini, Lv; Cosimelli, M; Fiore, M; Folli, S; Gennaro, M; Giannini, L; Gronchi, A; Guaglio, M; Macchi, A; Martinelli, F; Mazzaferro, V; Mosca, A; Pasquali, S; Piazza, C; Raspagliesi, F; Rolli, L; Salvioni, R; Sarpietro, G; Sarre, C; Sorrentino, L (Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori; Milano), ; Agnes, A; Alfieri, S; Belia, F; Biondi, A; Cozza, V; D’Amore, A; D’Ugo, D; De Simone, V; Fagotti, A; Gasparini, G; Gordini, L; Litta, F; Lombardi, Cp; Lorenzon, L; Marra, Aa; Marzi, F; Moro, A; Parello, A; Perrone, E; Persiani, R; Ratto, C; Rosa, F; Saponaro, G; Scambia, G; Scrima, O; Sganga, G; Tudisco, R (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli); Belli, A; Granata, V; Izzo, F; Palaia, R; Patrone R (Hpb Surgical Oncology Unit, - Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione; Pascale-, I. r. c. c. s. ).; Carrano, Fm; Carvello, Mm; De Virgilio, A; Di Candido, F; Ferreli, F; Gaino, F; Mercante, G; Rossi, V; Spinelli, A; Spriano, G (Humanitas Clinical And Research Center Irccs; Rozzano (Mi), &; Humanitas, University; Department Of Biomedical, Sciences; Pieve Emanuele, (Mi)); Donati, Dm; Frisoni, T; Palmerini, E (Irccs Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli); Aprile, A; Barra, F; Batistotti, P; Ferrero, S; Fregatti, P; Scabini, S; Sparavigna, M (Irccs Ospedale Policlinico San Martino); Asti, E; Bernardi, D; Bonavina, L; Lovece, A (University of Milan; IRCCS Policlinico San, Donato); Adamoli, L; Ansarin, M; Cenciarelli, S; Chu, F; De Berardinis, R; Fumagalli Romario, U; Mastrilli, F; Pietrobon, G; Tagliabue M (Istituto Europeo Di Oncologia, - Irccs -Milano); Badellino, E; Ferrero, A; Massobrio, R (Mauriziano Hospital Torino; Italy), ; De Manzoni Garberini, A (Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo); Federico, P; Maida, P; Marra, E; Marte, G; Petrillo, A; Tammaro, T; Tufo, A (Ospedale Del Mare); Berselli, M; Borroni, G; Cocozza, E; Conti, L; Desio, M; Livraghi, L; Quintodei, V; Rizzi, A; Zullo A (Ospedale Di Circolo, E Fondazione Macchi (Varese)); Baldi, C; Corbellini, C; Sampietro GM (Ospedale Di Rho, - Asst Rhodense); Cellerino P (Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, E Oftalmico); Baldini, E; Capelli, P; Conti, L; Isolani, Sm; Ribolla, M (Ospedale Guglielmo Da Saliceto Piacenza); Bondurri, A; Colombo, F; Ferrario, L; Guerci, C; Maffioli, A (Ospedale Luigi Sacco Milano); Armao, T; Ballabio, M; Bisagni, P; Gagliano, A; Longhi, M; Madonini, M; Pizzini, P (Ospedale Maggiore Di Lodi); Baietti, Am; Biasini, M; Maremonti, P; Neri, F; Prucher, Gm; Ricci, S; Ruggiero, F; Zarabini AG (Ospedale Maggiore/Bellaria Carlo Alberto Pizzardi Ausl, Bologna); Barmasse, R; Mochet, S; Morelli, L; Usai, A (Ospedale Regionale Umberto Parini); Bianco, F; Incollingo P (Ospedale S., Leonardo - Asl Napoli 3 Sud; Castellammare Di, Stabia); Mancini, S; Marino Cosentino, L; Sagnotta, A (Ospedale San Filippo Neri); Fruscio, R; Grassi, T; Nespoli, Lc; Tamini, N (Ospedale San Gerardo); Anastasi, A; Bartalucci, B; Bellacci, A; Canonico, G; Capezzuoli, L; Di Martino, C; Ipponi, P; Linari, C; Montelatici, M; Nelli, T; Spagni, G; Tirloni, L; Vitali, A (Ospedale San Giovanni Di Dio); Abate, E; Casati, M; Casiraghi, T; Laface, L; Schiavo M (Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele Iii, - Carate Brianza); Arminio, A; Cotoia, A; Lizzi, V; Vovola, F (Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Foggia); Vergari, R (Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona); D’Ugo, S; Depalma, N; Spampinato MG (P. o., “Vito Fazzi”); Bartolucci, P; Brachini, G; Bruzzaniti, P; Chiappini, A; Chiarella, V; Ciccarone, F; Cicerchia, Pm; Cirillo, B; De Toma, G; Di bartolomeo, A; Fiori, E; Fonsi, Gb; Franco, G; Frati, A; Giugliano, M; Iannone, I; La Torre, F; Lapolla, P; Leonardo, C; Marruzzo, G; Meneghini, S; Mingoli, A; Ribuffo, D; Salvati, M; Santoro, A; Sapienza, P; Scafa, Ak; Simonelli, L; Zambon M (Policlinico Umberto, I Sapienza University Of Rome); Capolupo, Gt; Carannante, F; Caricato, M; Mascianà, G; Mazzotta, E (Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico Of Rome); Gattolin, A; Migliore, M; Rimonda, R; Sasia, D; Travaglio, E (Regina Montis Regalis Hospital; Mondovì), ; Cervellera, M; Gori, A; Sartarelli, L; Tonini V (S., orsola-Malpighi Hospital); Giacometti, M; Zonta, S (Ospedale San Biagio; Asl, VCO); Chessa, A; Fiorini, A; Norcini, C (San Giovanni Di Dio); Colletti, G; Confalonieri, M; Costanzi, A; Frattaruolo, C; Mari, G; Monteleone, M (San Leopoldo Mandic); Bandiera, A; Bocciolone, L; Bonavina, G; Candiani, M; Candotti, G; De Nardi, P; Gagliardi, F; Medone, M; Mortini, P; Negri, G; Parise, P; Piloni, M; Sileri, P; Vignali, A (San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan), ; Belvedere, A; Bernante, P; Bertoglio, P; Boussedra, S; Brunocilla, E; Cipriani, R; Cisternino, G; De Crescenzo, E; De Iaco, P; Dondi, G; Frio, F; Jovine, E; Mineo Bianchi, F; Neri, J; Parlanti, D; Perrone, Am; Pezzuto, Ap; Pignatti, M; Pinto, V; Poggioli, G; Ravaioli, M; Rottoli, M; Schiavina, R; Serenari, M; Serra, M; Solli, P; Taffurelli, M; Tanzanu, M; Tesei, M; Violante, T; Zanotti S (Azienda Osepdaliero, - Universitaria di Bologna; Via Albertoni, 15; Bologna, Italy); Borghi, F; Cianflocca, D; Di Maria Grimaldi, S; Donati, D; Gelarda, E; Geretto, P; Giraudo, G; Giuffrida, Mc; Marano, A; Palagi, S; Pellegrino, L; Peluso, C; Testa V (Santa Croce, E Carle Hospital; Cuneo), ; Agresta, F; Prando, D; Zese M (Santa Maria Degli Angeli Hospital Ulss5, - Adria); Aquila, F; Gambacciani, C; Lippa, L; Pieri, F; Santonocito OS (Spedali Riuniti Di, Livorno); Armatura, G; Bertelli, G; Frena, A; Marinello, P; Notte, F; Patauner, S; Scotton G (St., Moritz Hospital); Fulginiti, Sf; Gallo, G; Sammarco, G; Vescio, G (University ‘Magna Graecia’ Of Catanzaro); Balercia, P; Catarzi, L; Consorti G (University Hospital Umberto, I Ancona); Di Marzo, F (Valtiberina); Fontana T (Vittorio Emanuele)., Daiko H; Ishikawa, M; Ishiyama, K; Iwata, S; Kanematsu, K; Kanemitsu, Y; Kato, T; Kawai, A; Kobayashi, E; Kobayashi Kato, M; Moritani, K; Nakatani, F; Oguma, J; Tanase, Y; Uno M (National Cancer Center Hospital)., Al Abdallah M; Ayasra, F; Ayasra, Y; Qasem, A (Al-Basheer Hospital); Abu Za’nouneh, Fj; Fahmawee, T; Hmedat, A; Ibrahim, A; Obeidat, K (King Abdullah University Hospital); Abdel Al, S; Abdel Jalil, R; Abou Chaar, Mk; Al-Masri, M; Al-Najjar, H; Alawneh, F; Alsaraireh, O; Elayyan, M; Ghanem, R; Lataifeh I (King Hussein Cancer Center)., Alkadeeki GZ; Al Maadany FS (Al-Jalaa, Hospital); Aldokali, N; Senossi, O; Subhi MT (Alkhadra, Hospital); Burgan, D; Kamoka, E; Kilani, Ai; Salamah, A; Salem, M; Shuwayyah, A (National Cancer Institute; Sabratha, - Libya); Abdulwahed, E; Alshareea, E; Aribi, N; Aribi, S; Biala, M; Ghamgh, R; Morgom, M (Tripoli Central Hospital); Aldayri, Z; Ellojli, I; Kredan A (Tripoli University Hospital)., Bradulskis S; Dainius, E; Kubiliute, E; Kutkevičius, J; Parseliunas, A; Subocius, A; Venskutonis D (Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinical Hospital)., Rasoaherinomenjanahary F; Razafindrahita, Jb; Samison LH (Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital)., Ong EC (Bintulu); Hamdan, Kh; Ibrahim, Mr; Tan, Ja; Thanapal MR (Hospital Kuala, Lumpur); Amin Sahid, N; Hayati, F; Jayasilan, J; Sriram, Rk; Subramaniam, S (Queen Elizabeth Hospital &; Universiti Malaysia, Sabah; Kota, Kinabalu; Sabah, Malaysia); Che Jusoh, A; Hussain, Ah; Mohamed Sidek, As; Mohd Yunus, Mf; Soh, Jy; Wong, Mpk; Zakaria, Ad; Zakaria, Z (School Of Medical Sciences &; Hospital, Universiti Sains Malaysia); Fadzli, A; Fathi, Nq; Koh, Ps; Liew, Yt; Roslani, Ac; Tang, Cy; Teoh, Ly; Wong, Wj; Yahaya AS (University Malaya Medical Centre)., Alvarez MR; Arrangoiz, R; Cordera, F; De la Rosa Abaroa, Ma; Gómez-Pedraza, A; Hernandez, R; Maffuz-Aziz, A; Posada JA (Abc Medical, Center); Becerra García FC (Hospital San Ángel Inn, Chapultepec); Alfaro-Goldaracena, A; Buerba, Ga; Castillejos-Molina, Ra; Chan, C; Dominguez-Rosado, I; Medina-Franco, H; Mercado, Má; Oropeza-Aguilar, M; Peña Gómez Portugal, E; Posadas-Trujillo, Oe; Rodriguez-Covarrubias, F; Salgado-Nesme, N; Sarre, C; Vilatoba M (Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”)., Arkha Y; Bechri, H; El Ouahabi, A; Oudrhiri MY (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina, Rabat); Derkaoui hassani F, El abbadi N (Cheikh Zaid International University Hospital); Amrani, L; Belkhadir, Zh; Benkabbou, A; Chakib, O; El Ahmadi, B; El Bouazizi, Y; Essangri, H; Ghannam, A; Majbar, Am; Mohsine, R; Souadka A (Institut National D’oncologie)., Hompes R; Meima-van Praag, Em; Pronk, Ajm; Sharabiany, S (Amsterdam Umc; University Of, Amsterdam); Grotenhuis, B; Hartveld, L; Reijers, S; Van Houdt, W (Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis); Baaij, J; Bolster-van Eenennaam, M; De Graaff, M; Sloothaak, D; Van Duijvendijk, P (Gelre Ziekenhuis); Posma-Bouman, L (Slingeland Ziekenhuis); Derksen, T; Franken, J; Oosterling, S (Spaarne Gasthuis); De Bree, R (University Medical Center Utrecht); Konsten, J; Van Heinsbergen M (Viecuri Medisch Centrum)., Fidelis L; Sholadoye, Tt; Tolani MA (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching, Hospital); Olaogun, J (Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital); Egbuchulem, Ik; Lawal, Ta; Ogundoyin, O; Olulana DI (University College, Hospital); Abdur-Rahman, L; Adeyeye, A; Aremu, I; Bello, J; Olasehinde, O; Popoola A (University Of Ilorin Teaching Hospital)., Massoud J; Massoud, R; Sorour TM (Khoula Hospital)., Jamal A; Kerawala AA (Cancer Foundation, Hospital); Memon, As; Nafees Ahmed, R; Rai L (Dr Ruth K. m., Pfau Civil Hospital); Ayub, B; Hassan, N; Martins, Rs; Ramesh, P; Sayyed, R (Patel Hospital); Butt, U; Kashif, M; Kashif, M; Khan, Wh; Qureshi, A; Umar, M; Waris Farooka, M; Wasim, T (Services Hospital Lahore); Ayubi, A; Rashid, I; Waqar SH (The Pakistan Institute Of Medical Sciences)., Falcon GM; Robles R (Instituto Regional De Enfermedades Neoplásicas Del Sur)., Jocson R; Teh, C (National Kidney &; Transplant Institute)., Major P (Jagiellonian University Medical College); Bobiński, M; Kotarski, J; Rasoul-Pelińska, K (Medical University Of Lublin; Chair And Department Of Gynaecological Oncology And Gynaecology)., Azevedo C; Machado, D; Mendes, F (Centro Hospitalar Cova Da Beira); De Sousa, X (Centro Hospitalar De Setúbal); Fernandes, U; Ferreira, C; Guidi, G; Leal, C; Marçal, A; Marques, R; Martins, D; Melo, A; Tenreiro, N; Vaz Pereira, R; Vieira B (Centro Hospitalar De Trás-Os-Montes, E Alto Douro; E. p. e., ).; Almeida, Ji; Correia de Sá, T; Costa, Mjma; Fernandes, V; Ferraz, I; Gil, Cg; Lima da Silva, C; Lopes, L; Machado, N; Marialva, J; Nunes Coelho, M; Pedro, J; Pereira, C; Reis, R; Ribeiro, A; Santos, R; Saraiva, P; Silva, R; Tavares, F; Teixeira M (Centro Hospitalar Do Tamega, E Sousa); Almeida, Ac; Amaral, Mj; Andrade, R; Athayde Nemésio, R; Breda, D; Camacho, C; Canhoto, C; Colino, M; Correia, S; Costa, M; De Barros, J; De Oliveira López, Al; Duque, M; Garrido, S; Guerreiro, P; Guimarães, A; Lázaro, A; Lopes, C; Martins, R; Nogueira, O; Oliveira, A; Oliveira, Jm; Rodrigues, M; Ruivo, A; Santos, E; Silva, M; Simões, J; Valente da Costa A (Centro Hospitalar, E Universitário De Coimbra); Almeida, A; Cavaleiro, S; Devezas, V; Faria, Cs; Jácome, F; Magalhães Maia, M; Nogueiro, J; Pereira, A; Pereira-Neves, A; Pina-Vaz, T; Santos-Sousa, H; Silveira, H; Vaz, S; Vieira P (Centro Hospitalar, E Universitário De São João); Gomes da Costa A, Lobo Antunes I (Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte); Pinto J, Tojal A (Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu); Cardoso, N; Cardoso, P; Domingues, Jc; Henriques, P; Manso, Mi; Martins dos Santos, G; Martins, R; Morais, H; Pereira, R; Revez, T; Ribeiro, R; Ribeiro, Vi; Soares, A; Sousa, S; Teixeira J (Centro Hospitalar Universitário Do Algarve, - Unidade De Faro); Amorim, E; Baptista, Vh; Cunha, Mf; Dias, B; Fazenda, A; Melo Neves, Jp; Policarpo, F; Sampaio da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel, Ii; Veiga D (Centro Hospitalar Universitario Do Algarve, - Unidade De Portimão); Andrade, Ak; Bandovas, Jp; Borges, N; Branquinho, A; Chumbinho, B; Correia, J; Fidalgo, H; Figueiredo de Barros, I; Frade, S; Gomes, J; Maciel, J; Pina, S; Rodrigues, A; Silva, N; Silveira Nunes, I; Sousa, R (Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central); Ascensão, J; Azevedo, P; Costeira, B; Cunha, C; Garrido, R; Gomes, H; Lourenço, I; Mendinhos, G; Miranda, P; Nobre Pinto, A; Peralta Ferreira, M; Ribeiro, J; Rio Rodrigues, L; Sousa Fernandes, M (Hospital Beatriz Angelo); Azevedo J (Hospital Da Horta, E. p. e. ); Galvão, D; Soares, Ac; Vieira, A; Vieira, B (Hospital De Santo Espirito Da Ilha Terceira); Patrício, B; Santos, Pmdd; Vieira Paiva Lopes AC (Hospital De Torres Vedras, - Centro Hospitalar Do Oeste); Cunha, R; Faustino, A; Freitas, A; Martins, Ab; Mendes, Jr; Parreira, R; Rosa, J; Teves, M (Hospital Do Divino Espírito Santo); Abreu da Silva, A; Claro, M; Costa Santos, D; Deus, Ac; Grilo JV (Hospital Do Litoral, Alentejano); Borges, F; Corte Real, J; Henriques, S; Lima, Mj; Matos Costa, P (Hospital Garcia De Orta); Brito da Silva, F; Caiado, A; Fonseca, F (Instituto Português De Oncologia De Lisboa Francisco Gentil); Ângelo, M; Baiao, Jm; Martins Jordão, D; Vieira Caroço, T (Ipo Coimbra); Messias, J; Millan, A; Salgado, I; Santos, P (Ipo Lisboa); Baía, C; Canotilho, R; Correia, Am; Ferreira Pinto, Ap; Peyroteo, M; Videira JF (Ipo Porto)., Escobar P; Maldonado Santiago M (Instituto Gineco Oncologico)., Kassir R; Sauvat F (Chu Reunion)., Bezede C; Chitul, A; Ciofic, E; Cristian, D; Grama, F (Coltea Clinical Hospital); Pirtea L, Secosan C (Emergency Clinical City Hospital); Bonci, E; Gata, V; Titu S (Prof. Dr., Ion Chiricuta Institute Of Oncology); Ginghina, O; Iordache, N; Iosifescu RV (Saint John Emergency Hospital)., Garmanova T; Kazachenko, E; Markaryan, D; Rodimov, S; Tsarkov, P; Tulina, I (Clinic Of Coloproctology And Minimally Invasive Surgery; Sechenov Medical State, University); Litvina, Y; Provozina, A (Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University; Regional Clinical, Hospital); Agapov, M; Galliamov, E; Kakotkin, V; Kubyshkin, V; Камалов, А (Moscow Research And Educational Center; Lomonosov Moscow State University)., Alshahrani M; Alsharif, F; Eskander, M (Aseer Central Hospital); Al Raddadi, R; Majrashi, S; Mashat, A (East Jeddah General Hospital); Akeel, N; Alharthi, M; Aljiffry, M; Basendowah, M; Farsi, A; Ghunaim, M; Khoja, A; Maghrabi, A; Malibary, N; Nassif, M; Nawawi, A; Saleem, A; Samkari, A; Trabulsi, N (King Abdulaziz University Hospital); Al Awwad, S; Alghamdi, M; Alnumani, T; Nasser, M; Said bayazeed, A (King Fahad General Hospital); Alhefdhi, A; Almalik, O; Alomair, A; Alotaibi, N; Alresaini, F; Alsalamah, R; Alsobhi, S; Mahasin, Z; Othman, E; Velagapudi, S (King Faisal Specialist Hospital); Ghedan, S; Alharthi, R; Awad, S; I Sharara, M; Abdelrahman, S; Althobaiti, W (King Faisal Medical Complex); Al Habes, H; Alamri, A; Alkarak, S; Alqannas, M; Alyami, M; Alzamanan, M; Cortés Guiral, D; Elawad, A (King Khalid Hospital); Alaamer, O; Alriyees, L; Alselaim, N (King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences; King Abdullah International Medical Research, Center; Ministry Of National, Guard; Health, Affairs; General Surgery, Department. ).; Abdulkareem, A; Ajlan, A; Akkour, K; Al-Habib, A; Al-Khayal, K; Alatar, A; Alburakan, A; Alhalal, H; Alhassan, B; Alhassan, N; Alobeed, O; Alsaif, A; Alsaif, F; Alshammari, S; Alshaygy, I; Barry, M; Bin Nasser, A; Bin Traiki, T; Bokhari, A; Elwatidy, S; Helmi, H; Madkhali, A; Nouh, T; Rabah, Pd; Zubaidi A (King Saud University)., Paunovic I; Slijepcevic, N (Centre For Endocrine Surgery; Clinical Centre Of, Serbia); Aleksić, L; Antic, A; Barisic, G; Ceranic, M; Galun, D; Grubač, Ž; Jelenkovic, J; Kecmanović, D; Kmezić, S; Knezevic, D; Krivokapic, Z; Latinčić, S; Markovic, V; Matić, S; Miladinov, M; Pavlov, M; Pejovic, I; Radenkovic, D; Tadic, B; Vasljević, J; Velickovic, D; Zivanovic, M (Clinic For Digestive Surgery; Clinical Centre Of, Serbia); Perovic M, Srbinovic L (Clinic For Gynecology And Obstetrics Narodni Front); Andrijasevic, S; Bozanovic, T; Cerovic Popovic, R; Dokic, M; Janjic, T; Jeremic, K; Kadija, S; Ladjevic Likic, I; Mirkovic, L; Pantovic, S; Pilic, I; Radojevic, M; Stefanovic, A; Vidakovic, S; Vilendecic, Z (Clinic For Gynecology And Obstetrics; Clinical Center Of, Serbia); Antic, S; Dunđerović, D; Jelovac, D; Jezdic, Z; Konstantinovic, V; Kotlar, B; Kuzmanovic, C; Lazić, M; Petrovic, M; Popovic, F; Pucar, A; Romic, M; Sumrak, S; Vujanac, V (Clinic For Maxillofacial Surgery; School Of Dental, Medicine; University Of, Belgrade); Bascarevic, V; Bogdanović, I; Grujičić, D; Ilic, R; Milićević, M; Milisavljević, F; Miljković, A; Paunovic, A; Šćepanović, V; Stanimirovic, A; Todorovic, M (Clinic For Neurosurgery; Clinical Center Of, Serbia); Jotic, A; Milovanovic, J; Trivic, A (Clinic For Otorhinolaryngology And Maxillofacial Surgery; Clinical Center Of, Serbia); Bumbasirevic, U; Dzamic, Z; Kajmaković, B; Prijović, N; Zivkovic, M (Clinic Of Urology; Clinical Center Of, Serbia); Buta, M; Cvetkovic, A; Djurisic, I; Gacic, S; Goran, M; Inic, Z; Jeftic, N; Jevric, M; Jokic, V; Markovic, I; Milanović, M; Nikolic, S; Pejnovic, L; Savković, N; Spurnic, I; Stevic, D; Stojiljkovic, D; Vucic, N; Zegarac, M (Institute For Oncology And Radiology Of Serbia); Karamarkovic, A; Kenic, M; Kovacevic, B; Krdzic, I; Chan CW, Milutinović V. (Zvezdara University Medical Center).; Lieske B (National University Hospital)., Gális B; Šimko K (University Hospital Bratislava)., Almgla N; Bernon, M; Boutall, A; Cairncross, L; Herman, A; Hilton, T; Jonas, E; Kloppers, C; Malherbe, F; Mugla, W; Nel, D; Rayamajhi, S; Van Wyngaard, T; Vogel J (Groote Schuur Hospital)., Castaño-Leon AM; Delgado Fernandez, J; Eiriz Fernandez, C; Espino Segura-Illa, M; Esteban Sinovas, O; Garcia Perez, D; Gomez, P; Jimenez-Roldan, L; Lagares, A; Moreno-Gomez, L; Paredes, I; Pérez Núñez, A; Sánchez Aniceto, G; Santas, M (12 De Octubre University Hospital); Fernández Rodríguez, P; Paniagua García Señorans, M; Sanchez-Santos, R; Vigorita, V (Álvaro Cunqueiro Hospital); Acrich, E; Baena Sanfeliu, E; Barrios, O; Golda, T; Santanach, C; Serrano-Navidad, M; Sorribas Grifell, M; Vives RV (Bellvitge University, Hospital); Escolà D, Jiménez A (Comarcal Alt Penedés); Cayetano Paniagua L, Gómez Fernández L (Consorci Sanitari De Terrassa); Artigues, E; Bernal-Sprekelsen, Jc; Catalá Bauset JC (Consorcio Hospital General, Universitario); Collera, P; Diaz Del Gobbo, R; Farre Font, R; Flores Clotet, R; Gómez Díaz, Cj; Guàrdia, N; Guariglia, Ca; Osorio, A; Sanchez Jimenez, R; Sanchon, L; Soto Montesinos C (Fundació Althaia, - Xarxa Assistencial Universitària De Manresa); Albi Martin B, García Villayzán JE (Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital); Alonso-Lamberti, L; Assaf, M; Baeza Pintado, N; Carabias, A; García-Quijada, J; Huertas Fernandez, Ma; Jimenez Miramón, J; Jimenez, V; Jover, Jm; Landeo Agüero, Sa; Leon, R; Martín Salamanca, Mb; Pérez Simón, V; Ponce, S; Rodriguez, Jl; Salazar, A; Valle Rubio, A (Getafe University Hospital); Aguado, H (Hellín Hospital); Aldecoa Ansorregui, I; Bravo Infante, R; De Lacy, Fb; Di Somma, A; Díaz-Feijoo, B; Enseñat Nora, J; Fabregas, N; Ferrés, A; Gil Ibañez, B; Gonzalez Sanchez, Jj; Gracia, I; Hoyos Castro, Ja; Lacy, Am; Langdon, C; Momblán, D; Morales, X; Oleaga, L; Otero, A; Pedrosa, L; Poblete Carrizo, J; Reyes Figueroa, La; Roldan Ramos, P; Rumia-Arboix, J; Tercero-Uribe, Ai; Topczewski, Te; Torales, J; Torne, A; Torné, R; Turrado-Rodriguez, V; Valero, R; Valverde, S (Hospital Clinic Barcelona); Anula, R; Cano-Valderrama, O; Del Campo Martín, M; Díez-Valladares, L; Domínguez, I; Dziakova, J; García Alonso, M; García Romero, E; Gómez Latorre, L; Muguerza, Jm; Pizarro, Mj; Saez Carlin, P; Sánchez del Pueblo, C; Sánchez-Pernaute, A; Sanz Ortega, G; Sanz-Lopez, R; Torres, A (Hospital Clínico De Madrid); Garcés-Albir, M; Lopez, F; Martín-Arévalo, J; Moro-Valdezate, D; Pla-Marti, V (Hospital Clínico Universitario De Valencia); Beltrán de Heredia, J; De Andrés Asenjo, B; Gómez Sanz, T; Jezieniecki, C; Nuñez Del Barrio, H; Ortiz de Solórzano Aurusa, Fj; Romero de Diego, A; Ruiz Soriano, M; Trujillo Díaz, J; Vazquez fernandez, A (Hospital Clínico Universitario De Valladolid); Lora-Cumplido P, Sosa MV (Hospital De Cabueñes); Gonzalez-Gonzalez E, Minaya Bravo AM (Hospital Del Henares); Alonso de la Fuente, N; Cazador Labat, M; Cecchini, L; Espinosa, Ca; Jimenez Toscano, M; López Campillo, A; Mancebo, G; Martorell, P; Munarriz, M (Hospital Del Mar); Grau-Talens EJ, Martin-Perez B (Hospital Don Benito-Villanueva); Benavides Buleje, Ja; Carrasco Prats, M; Fernández, Pv; Fernández-López, A; García Escudero, D; García Porcel, Vj; Garcia Soria, V; Giménez Francés, C; González Valverde, Fm; Gurrea, E; López-Morales, P; Marco Garrido, A; Martínez Alonso, Ja; Medina, E; Muñoz Camarena, Jm; Parra Baños, Pa; Peña Ros, E; Ramirez Faraco, M; Ruiz-Marín, M; Sanchez Rodriguez, C; Valero Soriano, M (Hospital General Reina Sofía); Estaire Gómez, M; Fernández Camuñas, Á; Garcia Santos, Ep; Jimenez Higuera, E; Martínez-Pinedo, C; Muñoz-Atienza, V; Padilla-Valverde, D; Picón Rodríguez, R; Redondo Calvo, Fj; Sánchez-García, S; Sanchez-Pelaez, D (Hospital General Universitario De Ciudad Real); Colombari, Rc; Del valle, E; Fernández, M; Lozano Lominchar, P; Martín, L; Rey Valcarcel, C; Steiner, Ma; Tudela, M; Zorrilla Ortúzar, J (Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón); Alcaide Matas, F; García Pérez, Jm; Troncoso Pereira, P (Hospital Mateu Orfila); Mora-Guzmán, I (Hospital Santa Bárbara); Abellán, M; Achalandabaso Boira, M; Jorba, R; Memba Ikuga, R; Olona, C; Sales Mallafré, R (Hospital Universitari De Tarragona Joan Xxiii); Cavallé Busquets, P; Gavalda Pellice, Mgp; Salinas Peña, J (Hospital Universitari Sant Joan); Aragon Achig, Ej; Barbier, L; Caja Vivancos, P; Gainza, A; García Gutierrez, Jj; Mallabiabarrena Ormaechea, G; Marín, H; Martin Playa, P; Melchor Corcóstegui, I; Prieto Calvo, M; Rodriguez Fraga, A; Villalabeitia Ateca, I (Hospital Universitario Cruces); De Andres Olabarria, U; Durán Ballesteros, M; Fernández Pablos, Fj; Ibáñez-Aguirre, Fj; Sanz Larrainzar, A; Ugarte-Sierra, B (Hospital Universitario De Galdakao); De la Hoz Rodríguez, Á; Di Martino, M; García Septiem, J; Martin-Perez, E; Muñoz de Nova JL (Hospital Universitario De La, Princesa); Calvo Espino P, Guillamot Ruano P (Hospital Universitario De Móstoles); Colao García, L; Díaz Pérez, D; Esteban Agustí, E; Galindo Jara, P; Gutierrez Samaniego, M; Hernandez Bartolome, Ma; Serrano González, J (Hospital Universitario De Torrejón De Ardoz); Alonso Poza, A; Diéguez, B; García-Conde, M; Hernández-García, M; Losada, M (Hospital Universitario Del Sureste); Chiesa-Estomba, Cm; González García, Já; Larruscain, E; Sistiaga-Suárez JA (Hospital Universitario, Donostia); Alvarez, E; Chavarrias, N; Frías, L; García Pineda, V; Gegúndez Simón, A; Gortázar, S; Gracia, M; Guevara, J; Hernández Gutierrez, A; Loayza, A; María Dolores, Dt; Martí, C; Melendez, M; Moreno-Palacios, E; Perez, Y; Prieto Nieto, Mi; Ramos-Martín, P; Rubio-Perez, I; Saavedra, J; Sanchez-Mendez, Ji; Siegrist Ridruejo, J; Urbieta, A; Zapardiel, I (Hospital Universitario La Paz); Cantalejo diaz, M; De Miguel Ardevines, Mdc; Duque-Mallén, V; Gascon Ferrer, I; González-Nicolás Trébol, Mt; Gracia-Roche, C; Herrero Lopez, M; Jariod Ferrer, Um; Lanzon, A; Martinez German, A; Matute, M; Redondo, C; Sánchez Fuentes, N; Sánchez-Rubio, M; Santero-Ramirez, Ms; Saudí, S; Simón Sanz, Mv; Uson-Bouthelier, T (Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet); Blazquez Martin, A; Diez Alonso, M; García Rico, E; Garcia-Loarte Gomez, E; Garcia-Moreno Nisa, F; Gutierrez Calvo, A; Hernandez, P; Lasa, I; Mendoza-Moreno, F; Morales Palacios, N; Ovejero Merino, E; Vera Mansilla, C (Hospital Universitario Principe De Asturias); Acebes García, F; Bailón, M; Bueno Cañones, Ad; Choolani Bhojwani, E; Marcos-Santos, P; Miguel, T; Pacheco Sánchez, D; Pérez-Saborido, B; Sanchez Gonzalez, J; Tejero-Pintor FJ (Hospital Universitario Río, Hortega); Alconchel, F; Conesa, A; Gil Martínez, J; Gutiérrez Fernández, Ai; Lopez Abad, A; Nicolás-López, T; Ramirez Romero, P; Roca Calvo, Mj; Rodrigues, K; Ruiz Manzanera, Jj; Soriano AI (Hospital Universitario Virgen De La, Arrixaca); Cano, A; Capitan-Morales, L; Cintas Catena, J; Gomez-Rosado, J; Oliva Mompean, F; Pérez Sánchez, Ma; Río Lafuente, Fd; Torres Arcos, C; Valdes-Hernandez, J (Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena); Cholewa, H; Domingo, S; Frasson, M; Lago, V; Marina Martin, T; Martínez Chicote, C; Sancho-Muriel J (Hospital Universitario, Y Politécnico La Fe); Landaluce-olavarria A, Lecumberri D (Hospital Urduliz); Abad Gurumeta, A; Abad-Motos, A; Martínez-Hurtado, E; Ripollés-Melchor, J; Ruiz Escobar, A (Infanta Leonor University Hospital); Cuadrado-García, A; Garcia-Sancho Tellez, L; Heras Aznar, J; Maté, P; Ortega Vázquez, I; Picardo, Al; Rojo López, Ja; Sanchez Cabezudo Noguera, F; Serralta de Colsa, D (Infanta Sofía University Hospital); Anchuelo Latorre, J; Cagigas Fernandez, C; Caiña Ruiz, R; Gomez Ruiz, M; Hernanz, F; Jimeno Fraile, J; Martínez-Pérez, P; Poch, C; Santarrufina Martinez, S; Valbuena Jabares, V (Marqués De Valdecilla University Hospital); Moliner-Sánchez, C; Pingarron-Martin, L; Rey-Biel, J; Ruiz Martin, I (Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital); Blas Laina, Jl; Cros, B; Escartin, J; Garcia Egea, J; Nogués, A; Talal El-Abur, I; Yánez, C (Royo Villanova); Cagigal Ortega, Ep; Cervera, I; Díaz Peña, P; Elena, Gdcr; Enjuto, D; Fernández Bernabé, P; Garcés García, R; Gonzalez, J; Hernández, I; Herrera-Merino, N; Marqueta De Salas, M; Martinez Pascual, P; Perez Gonzalez, M; Ramos Bonilla, A; Rodríguez Gómez, L (Severo Ochoa University Hospital); Bescós, C; Blanco-Colino, R; Brana, I; Caimari, B; De Pablo García-Cuenca, A; Duran-Valles, F; Espin-Basany, E; Giralt López de Sagredo, J; Pamias, J; Pellino, G; Prat, N; Pujol Pina, R; Saez barba M (Vall D’hebron University Hospital)., Arulanantham A; Bandara, Gbk; Jayarajah, U; Ravindrakumar, S; Rodrigo VS (District General Hospital, Chilaw); Srishankar S (Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura). Ali karar AA (Al-Rajhi). Elbe P, Lindqvist EK (Karolinska University Hospital); Taflin, H (Sahlgrenska University Hospital); Älgå, A; Heinius, G; Nordberg, M; Pieniowski, E (South General Hospital); Gkekas, I; Löfgren, N; Rutegård, M; Sund M (Umea University Hospital)., Arigoni M; Bernasconi, M; Christoforidis, D; Di Giuseppe, M; La Regina, D; Mongelli, F (Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale); Chevallay, M; Dwidar, O; Gialamas, E; Sauvain, M (Hopital De Pourtales); Klenke, F; Kollàr, A; Kurze, C (Inselspital; Bern University, Hospital; University Of, Bern); Adamina, M; Bächler, T; Crugnale, As; Giardini, M; Guglielmetti, L; Peros, G; Solimene F (Kantonsspital Winterthur)., Aghayeva A; Hamzaoglu, I; Sahin, I (Acibadem Altunizade Hospital); Akaydin, E; Aliyeva, Z; Aytac, E; Baca, B; Dülgeroğlu, O; Ozben, V; Ozmen, Bb; Uras, C (Acibadem Atakent Hospital); Arikan, Ae; Bilgin, Ia; Bozkırlı, B; Ceyhan, Go; Kara, H; Karahasanoğlu, T; Uras, C (Acibadem Maslak Hospital); Celik, H (Adana Baskent University); Meydanli MM (Ankara City, Hospital); Akilli, H; Ayhan, A; Kuscu, E (Baskent University); Onan MA (Gazi University Medical Faculty, Hospital); Akgor, U; Dincer, Ha; Erol, T; Gultekin, M; Orhan, N; Ozgul, N; Salman, Mc; Soyak, B (Hacettepe University Hospital); Alhamed, A; Ergün, S; Ozcelık, Mf; Sanli, An; Uludağ, Ss; Velidedeoglu, M; Zengin AK (Istanbul Universty, - Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty); Bozkurt, Ma; Kara, Y; Kocataş, A (Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training And Research Hospital); Cimenoglu, B; Demirhan, R; Saracoglu K (Kartal Dr., Lutfi Kirdar Training And Research Hospital); Azamat, İf; Balik, E; Buğra, D; Giray, B; Kulle, Cb; Taskiran, C; Vatansever, D (Koç University Medical School); Gözal, K; Güler, Sa; Köken, H; Tatar, Oc; Utkan, Nz; Yıldırım, A; Yüksel, E (Kocaeli University Teaching Hospital); Akin, E; Altintoprak, F; Bayhan, Z; Cakmak, G; Çapoğlu, R; Çelebi, F; Demir, H; Dikicier, E; Firat, N; Gönüllü, E; Kamburoğlu, Mb; Kocer, B; Küçük, If; Mantoglu, B (Sakarya University Faculty Of Medicine); Çolak, E; Kucuk, Go; Uyanik MS (Samsun Training And Research, Hospital); Göksoy B (Sehit Prof. dr., İlhan Varank Training And Research Hospital); Bozkurt, E; Citgez, B; Mihmanli, M; Tanal, M; Yetkin, G (Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training And Research Hospital); Akalin, M; Arican, C; Avci, Ek; Aydin, C; Demirli Atıcı, S; Emiroglu, M; Kaya, T; Kebabçı, E; Kilinc, G; Kirmizi, Y; Öğücü, H; Salimoğlu, S; Sert, İ; Tugmen, C; Tuncer, K; Uslu, G; Yeşilyurt, D (University Of Health Sciences Tepecik Training And Research Hospital); Karaman, E; Kolusarı, A (Van Yuzuncu Yil University; Medical, Faculty); Yildiz A (Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training And Research Hospital)., Benson O; Lule H (Kampala International University Teaching Hospital)., Agilinko J; Ahmeidat, A; Barabasz, M; Bekheit, M; Cheung, Lk; Colloc, T; Cymes, W; Elhusseini, M; Gradinariu, G; Hannah, A; Kamera, Bs; Mignot, G; Shaikh, S; Sharma, P (Aberdeen Royal Infirmary); Abu-Nayla, I; Agrawal, A; Al-Mohammad, A; Ali, S; Ashcroft, J; Azizi, A; Baker, O; Balakrishnan, A; Byrne, M; Colquhoun, A; Cotter, A; Coughlin, P; Davies, Rj; Durrani, A; Elshaer, M; Fordington, S; Forouhi, P; Georgiades, F; Grimes, H; Habeeb, A; Hudson, V; Hutchinson, P; Irune, E; Jah, A; Khan, Dz; Kolias, A; Kyriacou, H; Lamb, B; Liau, S; Luke, L; Mahmoud, R; Mannion, R; Masterson, L; Mitrofan, Cg; Mohan, M; Morris, A; Murphy, S; O’Neill, R; Price, S; Pushpa-rajah, J; Raby-Smith, W; Ramzi, J; Rooney, S; Santarius, T; Singh, A; Stewart, Gd; Tan, Xs; Townson, A; Tweedle, E; Walker, C; Waseem, S; Yordanov, S (Addenbrooke’s Hospital); Jones, T; Kattakayam, A; Loh, C; Lunevicius, R; Pringle, S; Schache, A; Shaw, R; Sheel, A (Aintree University Hospital); Rossborough, C (Altnagelvin Area Hospital); Angelou, D; Choynowski, M; Mcaree, B; Mccanny, A; Neely, D (Antrim Area Hospital- Northern Health And Social Care Trust); Tutoveanu, G (Barnsley Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust); Ahad, S; De La Cruz Monroy, Mfi; Mosley, F; Oktseloglou, V (Bradford Royal Infirmary); Alanbuki, A; Patel, M; Shabana, A (Brighton And Sussex Nhs Trust; Princess Royal, Hospital); Perera, E; Raveendran, D; Ravi-Shankar, K; Thiruchelvam, J (Broomfield Hospital); Arrowsmith L, Campbell W (Causeway Hospital); Grove, T; Kontovounisios, C; Warren, O (Chelsea And Westminster Hospital); Rolland, P (Cheltenham General Hospital); Aggarwal, A; Brown, S; Jelley, C; Neal, N (Churchill Hospital); Clifford, R; Eardley, N; Krishnan, E; Manu, N; Martin, E; Roy Mahapatra, S; Serevina, Ol; Smith, C; Vimalachandran, D (Countess Of Chester Hospital); Bordenave, M; Houston, R; Putnam, G; Robson, A; Tustin, H (Cumberland Infirmary); Emslie, K; Labib, Pl; Marchbank, A; Miller, D; Minto, G; Natale, J; Nwinee, H; Panahi, P; Rogers, L (Derriford Hospital); Abubakar, A; Akhter Rahman, Mm; Chan, E; Ko, Kyk; O’Brien, H; Sasapu, K; Woodun, H (Diana Princess Of Wales Hospital Grimsby); Inglis R, Ng HJ (Dumfries And Galloway Royal Infirmary); De Gea Rico, A; Ghazali, N; Lambert, J; Markose, G; Math, S; Sarantitis, I; Shrestha, D; Sultana, A; Taggarsi, M; Timbrell, S; Vaz, Op; Vitone, L (East Lancashire Hospitals Nhs Trust); Day, A; Dent, H; Fahim, M; Waheed, S (East Surrey Hospital); Hunt A, Laskar N (East Sussex Healthcare (Conquest Hospital And Eastbourne District General Hospital)); Gupta, A; Steinke, J; Thrumurthy, S (Epsom &; St Helier University Hospitals Nhs, Trust); Massie, E; Mcgivern, K; Rutherford, D; Wilson, M (Forth Valley Royal Hospital); Hardie J, Kazzaz S (Frimley Health Nhs Ft - Frimley Park); Handa, S; Kaushal, M; Kler, A; Patel, P; Redfern, J; Tezas, S (Furness General Hospital); Aawsaj, Y; Amonkar, S; Barry, C; Blackwell, L; Blake, D; Carter, J; Emerson, H; Fisher, A; Katory, M; Korompelis, P; Mccormick, W; Mustafa, A; Pearce, L; Ratnavelu, N; Reehal, R (Gateshead Health Nhs Foundation Trust); Kretzmer, L; Lalou, L; Manku, B; Parwaiz, I; Stafford, J (George Eliot Hospital); Abdelkarim, M; Asqalan, A; Gala, T; Ibrahim, S; Maw, A; Mithany, R; Morgan, R; Sundaram Venkatesan, G (Glan Clwyd Hospital); Ang, K; Caruana, Ej; Chowdhry, Mf; Mohammad, A; Nakas, A; Rathinam, S (Glenfield Hospital); Boal, M; Brown, O; Dwerryhouse, S; Higgs, S; Vallance, A (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital); Boyd, E; Irvine, V; Kirk, A (Golden Jubilee National Hospital); Bakolas, G; Boulton, A; Chandock, A; Khan, T; Kumar, M (Good Hope Hospital); Agoston, P; Billè, A; Challacombe, B; Fraser, S; Harrison-Phipps, K; King, J; Mehra, G; Mills, L; Najdy, M; Nath, R; Okiror, L; Pilling, J; Rizzo, V; Routledge, T; Sayasneh, A; Stroman, L; Wali, A (Guy’s Hospital); Fehervari, M; Fotopoulou, C; Habib, N; Hamrang-Yousefi, S; Jawad, Z; Jiao, L; Pai, M; Ploski, J; Rajagopal, P; Saso, S; Sodergren, M; Spalding, D (Hammersmith Hospital); Laws, S (Hampshire Hospitals Nhs Trust); Hardie C, McNaught C (Harrogate District Hospital); Alam, R; Budacan, A; Cahill, J; Kalkat, M; Karandikar, S; Kenyon, L; Naumann, D; Patel, A (Heartlands Hospital); Ayorinde, J; Chase, T; Cuming, T; Ghanbari, A; Humphreys, L; Tayeh, S (Homerton University Hospital); Aboelkassem Ibrahim, A; Bichoo, R; Cao, H; Chai, Akw; Choudhury, J; Evans, C; Fitzjohn, H; Ikram, H; Langstroth, M; Loubani, M; Mcmillan, A; Nazir, S; Qadri, Ssa; Robinson, A; Ross, E; Sehgal, T; Wilkins, A (Hull University Teaching Hospitals Nhs Trust); Dixon, J; Dunning, J; Freystaetter, K; Jha, M; Lester, S; Madhavan, A; Thulasiraman, Sv; Viswanath, Y (James Cook University Hospital); Curl-Roper, T; Delimpalta, C; Liao, Ccl; Velchuru, V; Westwood, E (James Paget Univeristy Nhs Foundation Trust Hospital); Belcher, E; Bond-Smith, G; Chidambaram, S; Di Chiara, F; Fasanmade, K; Fraser, L; Fu, H; Ganau, M; Gore, S; Graystone, J; Jeyaretna, D; Khatkar, H; Lami, M; Maher, M; Mastoridis, S; Mihai, R; Piper, R; Prabhu, S; Risk, Obf; Selbong, U; Shah, K; Smillie, R; Soleymani majd, H; Sravanam, S; Stavroulias, D; Tebala, Gd; Vatish, M; Verberne, C; Wallwork, K; Winter, S (Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust); Bhatti, Mi; Boyd-Carson, H; Elsey, E; Gemmill, E; Herrod, P; Jibreel, M; Lenzi, E; Saafan, T; Sapre, D; Sian, T; Watson, N (King’s Mill Hospital); Athanasiou, A; Bourke, G; Bradshaw, L; Brunelli, A; Burke, J; Coe, P; Costigan, F; Elkadi, H; Ho, M; Johnstone, J; Kanatas, A; Kantola, V; Kaufmann, A; Laios, A; Lam, S; Macinnes, E; Munot, S; Nahm, C; Otify, M; Pompili, C; Smith, I; Theophilou, G; Toogood, G; Wade, R; Ward, D; West, C (Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust); Annamalai, S; Ashmore, C; Boddy, A; Hossain, T; Kourdouli, A (Leicester Royal Infirmary); Gvaramadze, A; Jibril, A; Prusty, L; Thekkinkattil, D (Lincoln County Hospital); Harky A, Shackcloth M (Liverpool Heart And Chest Hospital); Askari, A; Chan, C; Cirocchi, N; Kudchadkar, S; Patel, K; Sagar, J; Shaw, S; Talwar, R (Luton And Dunstable University Hospital); Abdalla, M; Edmondson, R; Ismail, O; Jones, D; Newton, K; Stylianides, N (Manchester Royal Infirmary); Aderombi, A; Andaleeb, U; Bajomo, O; Beatson, K; Garrett, W; Mehmood, M; Ng, V (Medway Hospital); Al-Habsi, R; Divya, Gs; Keeler, B (Milton Keynes University Hospital); Al-Sarireh, B; Egan, R; Harries, R; Henry, A; Kittur, M; Li, Z; Parkins, K; Soliman, F; Spencer, N; Thompson, D (Morriston Hospital Swansea); Burgess, C; Gemmell, C; Grieco, C; Hollyman, M; Hunt, L; Morrison, J; Ojha, S; Ryan, N (Musgrove Park Hospital); Abbadessa, F; Barnard, S; Chan, C; Dawe, N; Hammond, J; Mahmoud Ali, F; Mcpherson, I; Mellor, C; Moir, J; Pandanaboyana, S; Powell, J; Rai, B; Rogers, A; Roy, C; Sachdeva, A; Saleh, C; Tingle, S; Williams T (Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals Nhs Foundation, Trust. ).; Manickavasagam, J; Mcdonald, C; Mcgrath, N; Mcsorley, N; Ragupathy, K; Ramsay, L; Solth, A (Ninewells Hospital); Kakisi, O; Seebah, K; Shaikh, I; Sreedharan, L; Youssef, M (Norfolk And Norwich University Hospital); Shah, J (North Manchester General Hospital); Ameerally, P (Northampton General Hospital); Mclarty, N; Mills, S; Shenfine, A (Northumbria Nhs Hospital Trust); Sahnan, K (Northwick Park Hospital); Abu, J; Addae-Boateng, E; Bratt, D; Brock, L; Burnside, N; Cadwell-Sneath, S; Gajjar, K; Gan, C; Grundy, C; Hallam, K; Hassell, K; Hawari, M; Joshi, A; Khout, H; Konstantinidi, K; Lee, Rxn; Nunns, D; Schiemer, R; Walton, T; Weaver, H; Whisker, L; Williamson, K (Nottingham City Hospital); Mcveigh, J; Myatt, R; Williams MA (Nuffield Orthopaedic, Centre); Kaur, R; Leung, E; Sundar, S (Pan-Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre); Michel, M; Patil, S; Ravindran, S; Sarveswaran, J; Scott, L (Pinderfields Hospital); Edmond M, King E (Poole Hospital); Almond, M; Bhangu, A; Breik, O; Cato, Ld; Desai, A; Ford, S; Griffiths, E; Idle, M; Kamal, M; Kisiel, A; Kulkarni, R; Mak, Jkc; Martin, T; Nankivell, P; Parente, A; Parmar, S; Pathanki, Am; Phelan, L; Praveen, P; Saeed, S; Sharma, N; Singh, J; Tirotta, F; Vijayan, D (Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham); Geddes, A; Mccaul, J; Mcmahon, J (Queen Elizabeth University Hospital); Khan, Ah; Khan, F; Mansuri, A; Mukherjee, S; Patel, M; Sarigul, M; Singh, S; Tan, Kl; Woodham, A (Queen’s Hospital Romford); Adiamah, A; Brewer, H; Chowdhury, A; Evans, J; Humes, D; Jackman, J; Koh, A; Lewis-Lloyd, C; Oyende, O; Reilly, J; Worku, D (Queens Medical Centre); Cool, P; Cribb, G; Shepherd, K (Robert Jones And Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital); Bisset C, Moug S (Royal Alexandra Hospital); Elson, N; Faulkner, G; Saleh, P; Underwood, C (Royal Bolton Hospital); Brixton, G; Findlay, L; Klatte, T; Majkowska, A; Manson, J; Potter, R (Royal Bournemouth Hospital); Bhalla, A; Chia, Z; Daliya, P; Goyal, A; Grimley, E; Hamad, A; Kumar, A; Malcolm, Fl; Theophilidou, E (Royal Derby Hospital); Bowden, J; Campain, N; Daniels, I; Evans, C; Fowler, G; John, J; Massey, L; Mcdermott, F; Mcgrath, J; Mclennan, A; Ng, M; Pascoe, J; Rajaretnam, N (Royal Devon And Exeter Hospital); Bulathsinhala, S; Davidson, B; Fusai, G; Hidalgo Salinas, C; Machairas, N; Pissanou, T; Pollok, Jm; Raptis, Da; Soggiu, F; Tzerbinis, H; Xyda SE (Royal Free, Hospital); Beamish, A; Davies, E; Foulkes, R; Magowan, D; Nassa, H; Ooi, R; Price, C; Smith, L; Solari, F; Tang, A; Williams, G (Royal Gwent Hospital); Al-Tamimi, Y; Bacon, A; Beasley, N; Chew, D; Crank, M; Ilenkovan, N; Macdonald, M; Narice, B; Rominiyi, O; Thompson, A; Varley, I (Royal Hallamshire Hospital); Drake, T; Harrison, E; Linder, G; Mayes, J; Mcgregor, R; Skipworth, R; Zamvar, V (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh); Davies, E; Hawkin, P; Raymond, T; Ryska, O (Royal Lancaster Infirmary); Baron, R; Dunne, D; Gahunia, S; Halloran, C; Howes, N; Mckinney, R; Mcnicol, F; Russ, J; Szatmary, P; Tan, Jr; Thomas, A; Whelan, P (Royal Liverpool University Hospital); Anzak, A; Banerjee, A; Fuwa, O; Hughes, F; Jayasinghe, Jd; Knowles, C; Kocher, H; Leal Silva, I; Ledesma, Fs; Minicozzi, A; Navaratne, L; Rahman, R; Ramamoorthy, R; Sohrabi, C; Thaha, M; Thakur, B; Venn, M; Yip, V (Royal London Hospital); Baumber R, Parry J (Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital); Evans, S; Jeys, L; Morris, G; Parry, M; Stevenson, J (Royal Orthopaedic Hospital); Ahmadi, N; Aresu, G; Barrett-Brown, Zm; Coonar, As; Durio Yates, H; Gearon, D; Hogan, J; King, M; Peryt, A; Pradeep, Is; Smith, C (Royal Papworth Hospital); Adishesh, M; Atherton, R; Baxter, K; Brocklehurst, M; Chaudhury, M; Krishnamohan, N; Mcaleer, J; Owens, G; Parkin, E; Patkar, P; Phang, I (Royal Preston Hospital); Aladeojebi, A; Ali, M; Barmayehvar, B; Gaunt, A; Gowda, M; Halliday, E; Kitchen, M; Mansour, F; Thomas, M; Zakai, D (Royal Stoke University Hospital); Abbassi-Ghadi, N; Assalaarachchi, H; Currie, A; Flavin, M; Frampton, A; Hague, M; Hammer, C; Hopper, J; Horsnell, J; Humphries, S; Kamocka, A; Madhuri, Tk; Preston, S; Singh, P; Stebbing, J; Tailor, A; Walker, D (Royal Surrey County Hospital); Aljanadi, F; Jones, M; Mhandu, P; O’Donnell, C; Turkington, R (Royal Victoria Hospital; Belfast), ; Al-Ishaq, Z; Bhasin, S; Bodla, As; Burahee, A; Crichton, A; Fossett, R; Pigadas, N; Pickford, S; Rahman, E; Snee, D; Vidya, R; Yassin, N (Royal Wolverhampton Nhs Trust); Colombo, F; Fountain, D; Hasan, Mt; Karabatsou, K; Laurente, R; Pathmanaban, O (Salford Royal Hospital); Al-mukhtar, A; Brown, S; Edwards, J; Giblin, A; Kelty, C; Lee, M; Lye, G; Newman, T; Sharkey, A; Steele, C; Sureshkumar Shah, N; Whitehall, E (Sheffield Teaching Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust); Athwal, R; Baker, A; Jones, L; Konstantinou, C; Ramcharan, S; Singh, S; Vatish, J; Wilkin, R (South Warwickshire Nhs Foundation Trust); Ethunandan, M; Sekhon, Gk; Shields, H; Singh, R; Wensley, F (Southampton General Hospital); Lawday S, Lyons A (Southmead Hospital); Abbott, T; Anwar, S; Ghufoor, K; Sohrabi, C (St Bartholomew’s Hospital (Non-Cardiac Unit)); Chung, E; Hagger, R; Hainsworth, A; Karim, A; Owen, H; Ramwell, A; Williams, K (St George’s Hospital); Baker, C; Davies, A; Gossage, J; Kelly, M; Knight, W (St Thomas’ Hospital); Hall, J (Stepping Hill Hospital); Harris, G; James, G; Kang, C; Lin, Dj; Rajgor, Ad; Royle, T; Scurrah, R; Steel, B; Watson LJ (Sunderland Royal, Hospital); Choi, D; Hutchison, R; Jain, A; Luoma, V; Marcus, H; May, R; Menon, A; Pramodana, B; Webber, L (The National Hospital For Neurology And Neurosurgery); Aneke, Ia; Asaad, P; Brown, B; Collis, J; Duff, S; Khan, A; Moura, F; Wadham, B; Warburton, H (The University Hospital Of South Manchester); Elmoslemany, T; Jenkinson, M; Millward, C; Zakaria, R (The Walton Centre Nhs Foundation Trust); Mccluney, S; Parmar, C; Shah, S (The Whittington Hospital); Allison, J; Babar, Ms; Collard, B; Goodrum, S; Lau, K; Patel, A; Scott, R; Thomas, E; Whitmore, H (Torbay And South Devon Nhs Trust); Balasubramaniam, D; Jayasankar, B; Kapoor, S; Ramachandran, A (Tunbridge Wells Hospital); Elhamshary, A; Imam, Smb; Kapriniotis, K; Kasivisvanathan, V; Lindsay, J; Rakhshani-Moghadam, S (University College London Hospital At Westmoreland Street); Beech, N; Chand, M; Green, L; Kalavrezos, N; Kiconco, H; Mcewen, R; Schilling, C; Sinha, D (University College London Hospital); Pereca J, Singh J (University Hospital Ayr); Chopra, S; Egbeare, D; Thomas, R (University Hospital Llandough); Combellack, T; Jones, Sef; Kornaszewska, M; Mohammed, M; Sharma, A; Tahhan, G; Valtzoglou, V; Williams, J (University Hospital Of Wales); Eskander, P; Gash, K; Gourbault, L; Hanna, M; Maccabe, T; Newton, C; Olivier, J; Rozwadowski, S; Teh, E; West, D (University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust); Al-omishy, H; Baig, M; Bates, H; Di Taranto, G; Dickson, K; Dunne, N; Gill, C; Howe, D; Jeevan, D; Khajuria, A; Martin-Ucar, A; Mcevoy, K; Naredla, P; Ng, V; Robertson, S; Sait, M; Sarma, Dr; Shanbhag, S; Shortland, T; Simmonds, S; Skillman, J; Tewari, N; Walton, G (University Hospitals Coventry And Warwickshire Nhs Trusts); Akhtar, Ma; Brunt, A; Mcintyre, J; Milne, K; Rashid, Mm; Sgrò, A; Stewart, Ke; Turnbull, A (Victoria Hospital Kirkcaldy); Aguilar Gonzalez M, Talukder S (West Suffolk Hospital); Boyle, C; Fernando, D; Gallagher, K; Laird, A; Tham, D (Western General Hospital); Bath, M; Patki, P; Sohrabi, C; Tanabalan, C (Whipps Cross University Hospital); Arif, T; Magee, C; Nambirajan, T; Powell, S; Vinayagam, R (Wirral University Teaching Hospital); Flindall, I; Hanson, A; Mahendran, V (Worcestershire Royal Hospital); Green, S; Lim, M; Macdonald, L; Miu, V; Onos, L; Sheridan, K; Young, R (York Teaching Hospitals Nhs Trust); Alam, F; Griffiths, O; Houlden, C; Jones, R; Kolli, Vs; Lala, Ak; Leeson, S; Peevor, R; Seymour Z (Ysbyty Gwynedd)., Chen L; Henderson, E; Loehrer, A (Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center); Brown, K; Fleming, D; Haynes, A; Heron, C; Hill, C; Kay, H; Leede, E; Mcelhinney, K; Olson, K; Osterberg, Ec; Riley, C; Srikanth, P; Thornhill, M (Dell Seton Medical Center At The University Of Texas); Blazer, D; Dilalla, G; Hwang, Es; Lee, W; Lidsky, M; Plichta, J; Rosenberger, L; Scheri, R; Shah, K; Turnage, K; Visgauss, J; Zani, S (Duke University Medical Center); Farma, J (Fox Chase Cancer Center); Clark J, Kwon D (Henry Ford Hospital); Etchill, E; Gabre-Kidan, A; Jenny, He; Kent, A; Ladd, M; Long, C; Malapati, H; Margalit, A; Rapaport, S; Rose, J; Stevens, K; Tsai, L; Vervoort, D; Yesantharao, P (Johns Hopkins Hospital); Dehal, A (Kaiser Permanente Panorama City Medical Center); Klaristenfeld, D (Kaiser Permanente San Diego Medical Center); Huynh, K (Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles); Brown L, Ganly I (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center); Mullinax, J (Moffitt Cancer Center); Gusani, N; Hazelton, J; Maines, J; Oh, Js; Ssentongo, A; Ssentongo, P (Pennsylvania State University); Azam, M; Choudhry, A; Marx, W (Suny Upstate University Hospital); Fleming, J; Fuson, A; Gigliotti, J; Ovaitt, A; Ying, Y (University Of Alabama Birmingham); Abel, Mk; Andaya, V; Bigay, K; Boeck, Ma; Chen, L; Chern, H; Corvera, C; El-sayed, I; Glencer, A; Ha, P; Hamilton, Bcs; Heaton, C; Hirose, K; Jablons, Dm; Kirkwood, K; Kornblith, Lz; Kratz, Jr; Lee, R; Miller, Pn; Nakakura, E; Nunez-Garcia, B; O’Donnell, R; Ozgediz, D; Park, P; Robinson, B; Sarin, A; Sheu, B; Varma, M; Wai, K; Wustrack, R; Xu MJ (University Of, California; San Francisco, (UCSF)); Beswick, D; Goddard, J; Manor, J; Song, J (University Of Colorado Hospital/Memorial Hospital/Medical Center Of The Rockies (All Within Uchealth System)); Fullmer, T; Gaskill, C; Gross, N; Kiong, K; Roland, Cl; Zafar SN (University Of Texas Md Anderson Cancer, Center); Abdallah, M; Abouassi, A; Almasri, M; Kulkarni, G; Marwan, H; Mehdi, M (University Of Texas Medical Branch); Aoun, S; Ban, Vs; Batjer, Hh; Caruso, J (University Of Texas Southwestern); Abbott, D; Acher, A; Aiken, T; Barrett, J; Foley, E; Schwartz, P; Zafar SN (University Of, Wisconsin); Hawkins, A; Maiga A (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)., Laufer J; Scasso, S (Hospital Pereira Rossell; Montevideo, ).. - In: BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY. - ISSN 0007-1323. - 108:1(2020), pp. 88-96. [10.1093/bjs/znaa051]
Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Bussu FMembro del Collaboration Group
;Cossu MLMembro del Collaboration Group
;Fancellu AMembro del Collaboration Group
;Feo C FMembro del Collaboration Group
;Ginesu GCMembro del Collaboration Group
;Madonia MMembro del Collaboration Group
;Perra TMembro del Collaboration Group
;Porcu AMembro del Collaboration Group
;Scanu AMMembro del Collaboration Group
;
2020-01-01
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery.METHODS: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARS-CoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models.RESULTS: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P=0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas.CONCLUSION: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.