Sex is one of several factors influencing pharmacological responses, but research on its effects on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, although emerging remarkably, remains poor and contains many methodological issues. In this review, the current state of knowledge about sex differences in pharmacokinetics and some hints to pharmacogenomics were evaluated. Moreover, considering that many pharmacological responses are monitored through biomarkers, the influence of sex on some biomarkers has been reported. Finally, we report sex differences in pharmacodynamics, particularly analysing opioids and their use during pregnancy, labor and breastfeeding. In conclusion, a more precise sex- and gender-based approach appears necessary to achieve more evidence-based therapy in men and women.

Sex impact on biomarkers, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics / Franconi, Flavia; Campesi, Ilaria. - In: CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY. - ISSN 1875-533X. - (2016).

Sex impact on biomarkers, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

FRANCONI, Flavia;CAMPESI, Ilaria
2016-01-01

Abstract

Sex is one of several factors influencing pharmacological responses, but research on its effects on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, although emerging remarkably, remains poor and contains many methodological issues. In this review, the current state of knowledge about sex differences in pharmacokinetics and some hints to pharmacogenomics were evaluated. Moreover, considering that many pharmacological responses are monitored through biomarkers, the influence of sex on some biomarkers has been reported. Finally, we report sex differences in pharmacodynamics, particularly analysing opioids and their use during pregnancy, labor and breastfeeding. In conclusion, a more precise sex- and gender-based approach appears necessary to achieve more evidence-based therapy in men and women.
2016
Sex impact on biomarkers, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics / Franconi, Flavia; Campesi, Ilaria. - In: CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY. - ISSN 1875-533X. - (2016).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11388/173562
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