The project was carried out between 2006 and 2009 as part of a collaboration between the University of Sassari and the Town Council of Usini, aiming to promote and enhance the cultural heritage of its territory, backed by a multi-year research fund and coordinated by Maria Grazia Melis. An interdisciplinary team was assembled, with the collaboration of specialists from the UMR 6636, Lampea Laboratory of Aix-en-Provence, lead by André D'Anna. The research aimed to reconstruct the environmental and socio-economic framework of human inhabitants, of the prehistoric phases, encompassing the territory that gravitates around the hypogean necropolis of S'Elighe Entosu. The knowledge of the area, in fact, is due to a clever politic development. The interests of involved researchers then extended to the entire territory and accommodated to a larger land mass, which exceeds the municipal boundaries. The main instruments used in the survey are the archaeological excavation of a necropolis and prospecting of the area. The first one, still unfinished, allowed for a partial reconstruction of the sequence of human settlements and the use of this prehistoric necropolis. It also exposed the existence of a Roman necropolis. The study of the monuments in their territory, incorporates multidisciplinary research, directed by André D’Anna, and integrates different coordinated surveys, the characterization of natural resources (flint outcrops, geological formations, sedimentary dynamics and natural environment) associated to the improvement of the archaeological map, from archaeological surveys of large surfaces, and the technological study of stone artifacts and their material origins. These activities help to improve understanding of settlements’ characteristics in a territory according to the guidelines from the methods of regional archaeology and human geography. The archaeological sites census was inserted in 2010 for the purposes of the City Urban Planning at the Regional Landscape Plan. An analysis of artisanal production, carried out in a morphological and technological approach, has helped to better define the chrono-cultural sequence of the functioning of the necropolis, frequented during the Ozieri, Sub-Ozieri, Bell Beaker, Middle Bronze Age 1 and 2, Late and final Bronze Age , Iron Age, Punic and Roman phases. As for the technological characteristics of the pottery, a first analysis has been made on macroscopic examination of the diagnostic materials from various cultural phases that have allowed the identification of a variety of techniques, processes and tools used in the stages of shaping, finishing and decorating. The study of the flint industry, although only partial, showed patterns of supply and management of resources, either by the choice of raw materials, or either by the type of excavated products. Those last ones’ presence refers to issues related to the meaning of their presence in burial contexts, either from the symbolic point of view, or either in terms of technology. The analysis of the hard animal materials artifacts was carried out on some ornamental shell dating back to Bell Beaker period. In addition to brief remarks on the usage marks, have been rebuilt the operative sequences of simply bored pendants, pearls and shell. With the help of geographical, architectural data and those from chemical, physical, archaeobotanic, archaeozoologic, paleoanthropologist analysis, and also from experimental archaeology, the research constitute in itself an innovative methodological proposal for Sardinia.
Il Progetto si è realizzato tra il 2006 e il 2009 nell’ambito di una collaborazione tra l’Università di Sassari e l’Amministrazione comunale di Usini, la quale allo scopo di promuovere e valorizzare il patrimonio culturale del suo territorio, ha finanziato una ricerca pluriennale, affidandone il coordinamento a Maria Grazia Melis. È stata quindi creata un’èquipe interdisciplinare, con la collaborazione di specialisti dell’UMR 6636 Lampea di Aix en Provence, diretta da André D’Anna. Obiettivo della ricerca è la ricostruzione del quadro ambientale e socio-economico dei gruppi umani che frequentarono a partire dalle fasi preistoriche il territorio che gravita intorno alla necropoli a domus de janas di S’Elighe Entosu. La conoscenza del territorio, infatti, è alla base di una corretta politica di valorizzazione. L’interesse dei ricercatori coinvolti si è quindi esteso a tutto il territorio ed al suo inquadramento ad una scala più ampia, che supera i confini comunali. I principali strumenti utilizzati nell’indagine sono lo scavo archeologico della necropoli e la ricognizione sistematica del territorio. Il primo, ancora non ultimato, ha consentito di ricostruire in parte la sequenza di frequentazione e uso della necropoli presistorica. Ha inoltre evidenziato l’esistenza di una necropoli romana. Lo studio dei monumenti nel loro territorio, condotto attraverso una ricerca multidisciplinare, diretta da Andrè d’Anna, integra diversi aspetti, coordinati tra loro: la caratterizzazione delle risorse naturali (affioramenti di selce, formazioni geologiche, dinamiche sedimentare e ambiente naturale), le ricognizioni archeologiche di ampie superfici, che permettono di arricchire notevolmente la carta archeologica, lo studio tecnologico dei materiali e l’analisi delle provenienze delle materie prime litiche. Queste attività permettono di migliorare la conoscenza dei modi di occupazione del territorio secondo le linee guida dei metodi dell’archeologia regionale e della geografia umana. Il censimento dei siti è stato integrato nel 2010 ai fini dell’adeguamento del Piano Urbanistico Comunale a Piano Paesaggistico Regionale. L’analisi della produzione artigianale, portata avanti con un approccio integrato morfologico e tecnologico ha contribuito a meglio definire la sequenza crono-culturale di funzionamento della necropoli, frequentata nelle fasi Ozieri, Sub-Ozieri, Campaniforme, Bronzo medio 1 e 2, Bronzo recente, finale, età del Ferro, età punica e romana. Per quanto riguarda i caratteri tecnologici dei manufatti ceramici, un primo esame macroscopico effettuato sui materiali diagnostici delle diverse fasi culturali, ha consentito di identificare una varietà di tecniche, procedimenti e strumenti impiegati nelle fasi di foggiatura, finitura e decorazione. Lo studio dell’industria litica, benché solo parziale, ha mostrato degli schemi di approvvigionamento e di gestione integrata delle risorse sia per la scelta delle materie sia per il tipo di prodotto ricercato la cui presenza rimanda a problematiche legate al significato della loro presenza in contesti sepolcrali sia dal punto di vista simbolico che tecnologico. L’analisi dei manufatti in materia dura animale è stata svolta su alcuni oggetti d’ornamento in conchiglia risalenti al Campaniforme. Oltre a brevi cenni sulle tracce d’uso, sono state ricostruite le sequenze operative dei pendagli, delle perle e della conchiglia semplicemente forata. Con il contributo dei dati geografici, architettonici e di quelli provenienti dalle analisi chimico-fisiche, archeobotaniche, archeozoologiche, paleoantropologiche ed inoltre dell’archeologia sperimentale la ricerca costituisce in sé una proposta metodologica innovativa per la Sardegna.
Usini. Ricostruire il passato. Una ricerca internazionale a S’Elighe Entosu / Melis, Maria Grazia; D'Anna, Andrè; Ghiani, Gianfranco; Lai, Gianmario; Guendon, Jean Louis; Soula, Florian; Robin, Guillaume; Fois, Antonella; Mulè, Paolo; Celant, Alessandra; Zedda, Marco; Manca, Laura; Pische, Alessandra; Piras, Stefania; Cappai, Ramona; Bagella, Stefania; Guido, Francesco; Faedda, Simona. - (2010), pp. 1-312.
Usini. Ricostruire il passato. Una ricerca internazionale a S’Elighe Entosu
MELIS, Maria Grazia;Zedda, Marco;Manca, Laura;PISCHE, Alessandra;PIRAS, STEFANIA;CAPPAI, Ramona;Bagella, Stefania;
2010-01-01
Abstract
The project was carried out between 2006 and 2009 as part of a collaboration between the University of Sassari and the Town Council of Usini, aiming to promote and enhance the cultural heritage of its territory, backed by a multi-year research fund and coordinated by Maria Grazia Melis. An interdisciplinary team was assembled, with the collaboration of specialists from the UMR 6636, Lampea Laboratory of Aix-en-Provence, lead by André D'Anna. The research aimed to reconstruct the environmental and socio-economic framework of human inhabitants, of the prehistoric phases, encompassing the territory that gravitates around the hypogean necropolis of S'Elighe Entosu. The knowledge of the area, in fact, is due to a clever politic development. The interests of involved researchers then extended to the entire territory and accommodated to a larger land mass, which exceeds the municipal boundaries. The main instruments used in the survey are the archaeological excavation of a necropolis and prospecting of the area. The first one, still unfinished, allowed for a partial reconstruction of the sequence of human settlements and the use of this prehistoric necropolis. It also exposed the existence of a Roman necropolis. The study of the monuments in their territory, incorporates multidisciplinary research, directed by André D’Anna, and integrates different coordinated surveys, the characterization of natural resources (flint outcrops, geological formations, sedimentary dynamics and natural environment) associated to the improvement of the archaeological map, from archaeological surveys of large surfaces, and the technological study of stone artifacts and their material origins. These activities help to improve understanding of settlements’ characteristics in a territory according to the guidelines from the methods of regional archaeology and human geography. The archaeological sites census was inserted in 2010 for the purposes of the City Urban Planning at the Regional Landscape Plan. An analysis of artisanal production, carried out in a morphological and technological approach, has helped to better define the chrono-cultural sequence of the functioning of the necropolis, frequented during the Ozieri, Sub-Ozieri, Bell Beaker, Middle Bronze Age 1 and 2, Late and final Bronze Age , Iron Age, Punic and Roman phases. As for the technological characteristics of the pottery, a first analysis has been made on macroscopic examination of the diagnostic materials from various cultural phases that have allowed the identification of a variety of techniques, processes and tools used in the stages of shaping, finishing and decorating. The study of the flint industry, although only partial, showed patterns of supply and management of resources, either by the choice of raw materials, or either by the type of excavated products. Those last ones’ presence refers to issues related to the meaning of their presence in burial contexts, either from the symbolic point of view, or either in terms of technology. The analysis of the hard animal materials artifacts was carried out on some ornamental shell dating back to Bell Beaker period. In addition to brief remarks on the usage marks, have been rebuilt the operative sequences of simply bored pendants, pearls and shell. With the help of geographical, architectural data and those from chemical, physical, archaeobotanic, archaeozoologic, paleoanthropologist analysis, and also from experimental archaeology, the research constitute in itself an innovative methodological proposal for Sardinia.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.