La Generazione di Valore pubblico nei Parchi Naturali Regionali

This paper stems from the realization that, in today’s world, the economic development of territories is more closely tied than ever to environmental sustainability and the overall livability of places. This makes it essential to look into the tools used to implement government policies, which are often blamed for creating negative externalities. Rather than providing new opportunities for improvement, such policies have frequently ended up diminishing the livability of spaces. Current legislation related to administrative management, mostly focused on the protection of protected areas and often fragmented across multiple authorities, has not been able to bring about innovative policies that encourage interaction between society and the environment. The specific context of Regional Natural Parks authorities, which seek to come up with an effective performance management system while fulfilling their constitutionally mandated mission to protect natural heritage and ecosystems, provides the framework for this study. The research aims to explore whether a definition of public value exists, and if so, whether a scientific method for generating this value can be developed or adapted. After an introductory chapter laying out the research objectives, scope, and field of investigation, chapters two and three go over a summary of the current legal framework and an analysis of the relevant literature on modern performance management. This review highlights both the strengths and potential of existing frameworks, as well as their limitations and practical challenges. Public value, throughout all chapter four, is identified as the impact generated by policies on overall well-being. This impact becomes broader and more meaningful when it is recognized and shared through participatory governance processes involving users and stakeholders. A methodology is proposed, based on an "aggregated" or integrative decision-making approach, where all involved parties—both institutional and from broader interest groups—can work out their actions through coordination rather than conflict. The method was experimentally applied to several case studies involving Regional Natural Parks in Sardinia, as described in chapter five. The final section, dedicated to conclusions, emphasizes that the actual creation of public value cannot be separated from the drafting of regulations. Therefore, a recalibration of the value matrix identified in the research is necessary, which should also consider refining some of the dimensions of public value to cut out unnecessary or superfluous interrelations