Ambiente, agricoltura e sviluppo: il sistema Arborea

Starting from the assumption that contemporary society is characterized by "complexity”, the aim of this work is to go beyond the dualistic view of society and nature, to argue that the two dimensions are now indispensable of each other in terms of reciprocal relationships. As Edgar Morin says "the principle of complexity is to keep the plot intact objects: differentiating, but keeping them together" (Morin, 2007, p.23). The theoretical framework used for this survey is the theory of complex systems, with specific reference to the Maturana and Varela’s autopoiesis theory, which has its origins in the observation of biological systems and at the same time is a theory of knowledge and its possible application to the social system. The starting conceptual category of this survey is the definition of the social system and the analysis of the historical and relational dimension of it, which focuses on the action of individuals, without forgetting the influence of cultural values and shared meanings. A second category is that of environment, in its meaning and its systemic interrelation with the social system, and the characteristics of this interrelation that emerge from the theory developed by Maturana and Varela . The empirical part of the work is a case study on "Arborea System", a specific case in which the relationship between man and environment footprint is strongly interrelated. From the definition of Arborea as a closed system, we will see if this definition truly reflects the characteristics of closed systems with the emergence of potential risks that would entail.