Il Problema dell'autorità tra etica, politica e diritto, in Giuseppe Capograssi

The present research has been focused on a reading of the categories related to the concept of authority and freedom, prepared by the legal political and philosophical thought of Giuseppe Capograssi. The analysis moves from the essay of 1921, “Reflections on the authority and its crisis”, and focuses on Capograssi essays later, in order to make a comprehensive survey of his thought. The research work has required a reconstruction of the historical and cultural context of the first half of the last century, characterized by a moral and political crisis, which reveals the denial of human individuality as a substantial reality as the center of the lasting sense of existence. We examined both the traditional view of the concept of authority and the practical implications that this concept has had on society, the state and law. Capograssi has clearly realized that the crisis of the liberal state was not so much a crisis of the ideal of freedom, but rather a crisis of moral authority of the state. The crisis of the liberal state is considered as a crisis of values, and so the authorities of the State is to be weakened or dissolved. For the philosopher in the error of modern ethics in the lack the moral value of individuals, the error also lies in the fact that you have identified the authority with the power of the state. The problem of the crisis of authority is to be understood as the process by which the authority disappears because it is reduced to an empty form. The crisis of authority in in the lack of if.