Sovranità, dominio e potere nel pensiero di Jean-Luc Nancy

This thesis is a study of some of the most representative aspects in the work of French philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy. This thinker is now one of the most important living philosophers in France and his name is often associated with that fertile branch of philosophy called Deconstruction. Our study focuses on Nancy’s research on sovereignty which is a theme he has dealt with since his first writings. The starting point of our work is Nancy’s best known text: “La communauté desouvrée”, written in the mid-1980’s. The first chapter, titled “Il tema della sovranità in Nancy” is divided in two parts. In the first part, titled “Dal mitsein alla souveraineté partagée via Bataille” we study the arguments, that Nancy relates to the notion of mitsein from Heidegger’s “Sein und Zeit”, by which the author defines his notion of community as being-in-common. This thought treasures the failure of all modern versions of community. His idea of community cannot do without a necessary deconstruction of the notion of modern subject as in Heidegger.A community that is not the breakdown of a common substance, it is possible to encounter between individuals in the second half of Mitsein as an index of an opening where the logic of recognition is preceded by an original, irreducible to any attempt of identification. It is resistant to all forms of immanence in which all versions of Community would fall. This opening has to do with mortality (death exhausted the metaphysics of the subject), as an index common shared by all, but which no one can steal. The community of Nancy is the exposure of all beings in their death in finitude. Exposed in a surface baseless. I've shown how the notion of "souveraineté partagée" the sovereignty of the partition, and the overcoming of the concept of sovereignty of Georges Bataille.In the second part of the first chapter, entitled "Nel crepuscolo della sovranità", bringing the traits that are the origin of modern sovereignty and the role played by Bodin and Hobbes in the definition of sovereignty and its intimate connection with the modern state. In modern times, to Nancy, the original community, the partition is being penetrated by a thought that violently think back to be intact, in a homogeneous identity. The modern sovereignty, to activate, then must find a foundation, an identity indivisible.I have shown how to Nancy, the sovereignty in his self-institution exempts itself is a moment that refuses to open institute.The twilight of sovereignty leads Nancy to a thought that is divided into two areas: the return to the roots of the West to operate a deconstruction of monotheism and the thought of democracy, purged of any attempts at political construction, such as the political partition of finite beings.In the second chapter entitled "Occidente e teologia politica" I took the criticism of Nancy to secularization and political theology, comparing it with the free versions of both Schmitt that Blumenberg. I have shown how Nancy intends to overcome the current era of secularization. Globalization is the current era that led to the extreme western logic of the dissolution of the divine in the world.