La Dialettica gentiliana: premesse e esiti

This thesis has two main objectives:1. To relate the theoretical premises, especially speculative, that created the conditions of the birth and the development of the dialectic of the act in Giovanni Gentile. To this end, the following topics are covered:• the concept of the "new dialectics" formulated by Hegel, in respect to which the actualistic concept of the same is presented by Gentile as an overcoming;• the critical position of the German philosophers: F. A. Trendelenburg, K. Ficher and K. Werder - which is then developed by Bertrando Spaventa - in respect to the concept of the Hegelian dialectic, then reformulated in terms of a re-thinking of becoming and of the first triad of Hegel’s Logic of which becoming constitutes the synthesis of his first two terms and the first concrete concept;• the essential critical elaboration of previous speculative position by Spaventa;• the importance about the heritage that Donato Jaja transferred to his brilliant pupil of Castelvetrano about this critical idealistic tradition;• the relevance of the relationship entertained by Gentile with Benedetto Croce, first in terms of an ideal partnership, then in an open conflict.2. To show, through a critical literature for specialists, the peculiar characteristics of the Gentile’s dialectic, in order to bring to light both the boost at the base of the tradition’s overcoming of the "philosophy of the foundation" and the speculative outcomes that distinguish it.