Le Trematodosi di interesse ispettivo nei ruminanti della Sardegna: rilievi tassonomici biomolecolari, aggiornamenti epidemiologici e valutazione protocolli terapeutici

The present research highlights how trematodes of inspection interest in the sheep and cattle in Sardinia (Italy) are still a major health livestock problem. In particular, copromicroscopic and slaughterhouse investigations reveal a marked drop of the prevalence ofF. hepatica, an infestion “stability” forD. dendriticum, and an emerging role for paramfistomosis in cattle and sheep. A questionnaire compiled by practicioners on the control ofD. dendriticumin sheep farms showed a scarce use of copromicroscopic diagnosis and the use not always rational dose and mode of administration of drugs. For this reason, experimental field trials were carried out to monitor the effectiveness of different treatment protocols implemented in the island which have indicated a probable resistance ofD. dendriticumto albenzazole in sheep, on which this molecule seems to act at a double dosage than generally recommended for this fluke , while seems to be still effective againstD. dendriticumin cattle. Optimal levels of efficacy were detected for Oxyclozanide + levamisole against sheep paramfistomosis only at doses 1.5 times higher than that reported for other trematodosi (F. hepatica).