Determinazione della concentrazione di metalli pesanti e associazione con il profilo lipidico e il controllo metabolico in pazienti con Diabete Tipo 1 del nord Sardegna

Sardinia is an Italian region with a high incidence of type 1 diabetes Mellitus(T1DM). This study determined the blood levels of chromium (Cr),copper (Cu), iron (Fe),manganese(Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium(Cd), Nichel (Ni), Lead (Pb), in Sardinian T1DM.It was examined the association of these metals with lipid profiles and glycaemic control (HbA1c %). There were enrolled a total of 192 patients with T1DM, treated by the Unit of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases in Sassari,Italy. Trace elements were measured in whole blood by Sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Data were organized in an Access database and there were determined the correlations between metabolic variables and the levels of metals. Among total samples, 56.25% were male and 43.75% were female. Zinc was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC)(P= 0.023), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)(P= 0.0015), and triglycerides(TG)(P=0.027). Iron as significantly correlated with TC(P=0.0189), LDL(P= 0.0121), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)(P=0.0466). In males, Cr was positively correlated with HDL(P = 0.0079) and Se, in females was correlated with TG(P=0.0113). Copper was significantly correlated with HbA1c %(P= 0.0155) and Cd was positively correlated with (LDL)(P=0.0222) and with HbA1c (P=0.0292).Results indicated that trace element such as Zn, Fe, Cu, Cr, Se were associated with lipid profile and HbA1c %. Cadmium is a Toxic metal associated with LDL and HbA1c%.