Costruttivismo ed esperienzialismo per l'apprendimento dell'italiano L2 nelle visite museali

The present PhD thesis evolves from the need to grow awareness of the didactic methods that could be adopted in the field of the acquisition of Italian as a second language, and that could contemporaneously be optimal instruments to give value to museums and to consider them as ideal learning settings. Therefore, the aim of my research is, first of all, to show the dynamics of the acquisition in museums. Afterwards, I make an excursus into the theories postulated by scientists who (has) studied and supported Constructivism and Experiential Learning. Moreover, I explain how to reify scientists’ thought and I focus on two Sardinian museums: Museo del corallo in Alghero and Museo-Casa di Grazia Deledda in Nuoro. On these two structures I have constructed ad hoc two didactic paths consisting of different steps and also including materials whose objective is to allow students to intimately dialogue with the exposed items in order them to learn Italian language and culture. The working sheets are accompanied by the analysis of the activities from the Constructivist and the Experientialist perspectives. Ultimately, to confirm the functionality and the value of the two approaches, I present the results of an experiment conducted in the Museo del corallo with a group of Erasmus students hosted by the University of Sassari, highlighting the strong points and providing conclusive considerations for eventual future executions of the initiative.