Von der Kritik zur Verteidigung der modernen Rationalität. Ein Vergleich zwischen den Geschichtsmodellen von Blumenberg und Foucault im Ausgang von Nietzsche.

The subject of this dissertation is a comparison between the historical approaches of Hans Blumenberg and Michel Foucault, in order to demonstrate a similarity between the philosophical paths of the two Autors: from the critic of the modern rationality to its defense. For this purpose the development of their historical thought is interpreted as gradual distancing from Heidegger’s History of Being with her critic of the modern age and as convergence to Nietzsche’s Standpoint on history in his so called middle period, to which corresponds a re-re-evaluation of the Enlightenment and of the modern science in comparison to his early works.The thesis is divided in four chapters. The first one examines the early work of Nietzsche, Foucault and Blumenberg, which criticized the modern rationality as impoverishment of an original human experience of reality.The second chapter focuses on Nietzsche’s Critique to the nineteenth-century historicism as well as on those one of Foucault und Blumenberg.The third chapter compared Blumenberg’s and Foucault’s early historical Models with Heidegger’s History of Being in order to show a similarity between them, in particular as regards the absence of the human subject in their historical considerations.The fourth chapter investigate the development of such models by Blumenberg and Foucault and their reevaluation of the role of the human actors, which lead them to a commitment to the Enlightenment.