In 2013 there are 73 million people in the European Union who live outside the borders of their country of origin: these people amount to about 8% of the total world population. This influx is directed mostly towards the EU countries, which is considered a stable area for immigration. Italy welcomes over 4 million regular foreign citizens, 95% of them came from “strong immigration pressure” countries. In addition to these there are about half a million illegal immigrants in Italy at present. The scenario of the EU territory is an important demographic and social change that orientates the needs of the population even in terms of public health promotion, disease prevention, and access to social and health care. Each EU country faces these transitions with different speed and intensity. In reference to this change we can observe a collage of health situations that require specific approaches combined with synergistic measures, to achieve the common goal of health in Europe, addressed by recent policy Community Health in 2020. This study focuses on the differences in health status between Italian people and foreigners in Italy, by monitoring the health conditions of the migrant population and examining the types of diseases, their distribution in relation to factors of nationality and territorial issues about access to health services, taking into account the socio-economic influences, demographic structure such as gender and age, living habits, and territorial characteristics, and so on. Despite the foreign population living in Italy declaring to prefer Italian treatment, the migrant population suffers from disparities in access to health services caused by linguistic and bureaucratic problems. In contrast there is a massive demand placed on emergency health services, noted especially by certain nationalities. Which means that there is a antithetical demand between ordinary health services and emergency ones that reflects a general gap in the health system. The vast network of working professionals and volunteers in the third Sector, offset these deficiencies by providing important health services and prevention.
Nel 2013, in Europa si trovano 73 milioni di persone che vivono al di fuori dei confini del proprio Paese di origine: circa l’8% della popolazione totale. Questo afflusso è diretto in massima parte verso i Paesi dell’Unione Europea, che si confermano un’area a stabile vocazione immigratoria. L’Italia, accoglie oltre 4 milioni di cittadini stranieri regolari, il 95% proveniente da Paesi a forte pressione migratoria, a cui occorre sommare gli immigrati irregolari, circa mezzo milione di persone. L’UE, dunque, vive una fase di importanti cambiamenti demografici e sociali, che orientano le necessità della popolazione anche nei termini di: promozione della salute pubblica, prevenzione delle malattie e accesso all’assistenza socio-sanitaria. I Paesi dell’area vivono tali transizioni con velocità e intensità differenti: un collage di situazioni sanitarie che richiedono approcci specifici uniti a misure sinergiche, per raggiungere l’obiettivo comune della salute in Europa, affrontata dalla recente politica comunitaria Salute 2020. Questo studio, attraverso il monitoraggio delle condizioni di salute della popolazione migrante, si propone di rilevare le differenze nello stato di salute tra italiani e stranieri, esaminando la tipologia delle malattie, la loro distribuzione in relazione a fattori di nazionalità e territoriali, le problematiche circa l’accesso ai servizi sanitari, tenendo conto dei condizionamenti socio economici, della struttura demografica, quali il sesso e l’età, delle abitudini di vita e delle caratteristiche territoriali. È emerso come, nonostante la popolazione straniera dichiara di curarsi in Italia e di preferire le terapie prescritte dai medici italiani alle cure tradizionali, soffre disparità nell’accesso ai servizi sanitari. Le maggiori problematiche sono di natura linguistica e burocratica, e impediscono l’accesso degli stranieri ai servizi di cura e di assistenza, rendendo tale popolazione molto vulnerabile. Ancora, si è riscontrato un massiccio ricorso ai servizi sanitari di emergenza, soprattutto da parte di alcune nazionalità, che ha condotto a riflettere sulle carenze generali del servizio sanitario, e su come esse siano parzialmente colmate dal supporto della vasta rete di operatori e volontari del Terzo Settore, che, operando nelle realtà locali, prestano importanti servizi di assistenza e prevenzione sanitaria.
Immigrati e salute: lo stato di salute e l'accesso ai servizi sanitari della popolazione straniera in Italia / Camerada, Maria Veronica; Carboni, Donatella; Pinna, A.. - (2015), pp. 91-104. (Intervento presentato al convegno XI Seminario Internazionale Geografia Medica 'Gestione della Salute').
Immigrati e salute: lo stato di salute e l'accesso ai servizi sanitari della popolazione straniera in Italia
CAMERADA, Maria Veronica;CARBONI, Donatella
;
2015-01-01
Abstract
In 2013 there are 73 million people in the European Union who live outside the borders of their country of origin: these people amount to about 8% of the total world population. This influx is directed mostly towards the EU countries, which is considered a stable area for immigration. Italy welcomes over 4 million regular foreign citizens, 95% of them came from “strong immigration pressure” countries. In addition to these there are about half a million illegal immigrants in Italy at present. The scenario of the EU territory is an important demographic and social change that orientates the needs of the population even in terms of public health promotion, disease prevention, and access to social and health care. Each EU country faces these transitions with different speed and intensity. In reference to this change we can observe a collage of health situations that require specific approaches combined with synergistic measures, to achieve the common goal of health in Europe, addressed by recent policy Community Health in 2020. This study focuses on the differences in health status between Italian people and foreigners in Italy, by monitoring the health conditions of the migrant population and examining the types of diseases, their distribution in relation to factors of nationality and territorial issues about access to health services, taking into account the socio-economic influences, demographic structure such as gender and age, living habits, and territorial characteristics, and so on. Despite the foreign population living in Italy declaring to prefer Italian treatment, the migrant population suffers from disparities in access to health services caused by linguistic and bureaucratic problems. In contrast there is a massive demand placed on emergency health services, noted especially by certain nationalities. Which means that there is a antithetical demand between ordinary health services and emergency ones that reflects a general gap in the health system. The vast network of working professionals and volunteers in the third Sector, offset these deficiencies by providing important health services and prevention.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.